PSYC 107 1nd Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last LectureI. Purpose of DreamingII. Wish Fulfillment III. HypnosisOutline of Current LectureI. Psychoactive DrugsII. Three Main ClassIII. Near Death ExperiencesIV. Test Reminders Current LectureI. Psychoactive drugsoChemicals that change perceptions and moodoThese drugs work at the synapses by stimulating, inhibiting, or mimicking the activity of neurotransmittersoMisconceptions:-Addictive drugs quickly corrupt (most occasional users do not become addicted)-Addiction cannot be overcome voluntarily (people can stop on their own, they do not need help)-Addiction is no different than repetitive pleasure-seeking behaviors (some behaviors can become compulsive and dysfunctional but beware of addiction-as-disease excuseII.Three main classes:-Depressants - slow down the nervous system-Stimulates - speeds up nervous system-Hallucinogens - distorts perceptions and causes people to see things that are notreally thereoNeurotransmitter - natural chemical-Dopamine - primary NT that communicates with activities that are rewarding (food or sex are examples); influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion-Serotonin - affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal-Norepinephrine - helps control arousal-GABA - inhibitory NToPsychoactive drugsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Stimulants - interfere with reuptake of dopamine; allows dopamine to stay in thesynapses-Nicotine - triggers release of epinepherine and norepinephrine (calms anxiety, diminishes appetite)oOdds of getting hooked after trying once: marijuana < alcohol < cocaine < heroin < tobaccooDepressants - alcohol affects motor skills, judgment, and memory-Alcohol is a depressant even in small amounts-Slow sympathetic nervous system-Suppresses REM sleep-Reduces self-awareness and self-control50% rapist drink before offenseRelationship between risky sex and alcohol use-TEST QUESTION: Alcohol is a depressant in both small and large amounts. -BAC: Blood alcohol content oDo not need to know opiates and slide before thatoCocaine, ecstasy, amphetamines, methamphetamines not on testoStimulants-Caffeine and nicotine increase heart and breathing rates and other automatic functions-Eliminating smoking would increase life expectancy more than any other preventative measure-NicotineTakes away the unpleasant cravings by triggering epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and endorphrinsNicotine itself is rewarding, stimulates the release of dopamineoWill not talk about hallucinogens on the testIII.Near-Death ExperiencesoPeople who are clinically dead, an report moving through a dark tunnel with a light at the end of the tunnel, met people who had died previouslyoUnder influences of hallucinogens. Other report bright lights at the center of their field of visionoNDE-like experiences can be triggered by stimulating temporal lobe, lack of oxygen to the brain, and psychedelic drugs; they are really just having a dreamoLink between NDE and sleep paralysis (because of a disconnection between arousal system)IV.Test ReminderoONLY ALCOHOL, CAFFEINE, NICOTINE FOR THE
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