ADSC 2010 Lecture 36 Outline of Last Lecture I Beef Cattle Disease Nutritional SWINE PRODUCTION II Farrow To Finish III Types of Production IV Management Considerations A Selection of Breeding Stock B Mating System C Management of Breeding Outline of Current Lecture I Management of Breeding II Management During Gestation III Management at Farrowing IV Management During Lactation V Care of Baby Pigs Current Lecture I Management of Breeding Important that sow s nutritional requirements are met ROT 4 day balanced ration 1 in winter Flushing Provide additional feed 6 8 day for about two weeks prior to breeding to enhance number of ova developed ovulated High temperature 85 F Delays and prevents estrus Reduces ovulation Increases embryonic mortality Pregnancy check sows Boar exposure ultrasound II Management During Gestation Limit feed sows III IV 4 5 day 1 5 2 100 live weight Adjust for season 13 14 crude protein Feed Some roughage to minimize constipation Sows gain about 50 70 lbs Gilts gain about 70 100 lbs Sows normally loose around 50 lbs from farrowing to next breeding Inadequate nutrition during gestation Weak pigs and decreased Survivability Low milk production Higher feed requirements from sow Lower litter weight due to low milk production and low sow performance Rebreeding difficulties longer post partum interval Excessive Nutrition during Gestation Economic losses Increased embryonic mortality Farrowing problems dystocia Rebreeding problems Management at Farrowing Clean farrowing rooms leave vacant for 5 7 days Move sow to farrowing crate five days prior to farrowing Estimate farrowing by calendar or visible signs nervousness enlarged abdomen swollen vulva filled teats Farrowing crate minimizes pig being crushed by sow Wash sow underlines and teats prior to moving into farrowing crate Feed to prevent constipation Bulky diets oats soy hulls wheat bran Include laxatives Epsom salts KCl Watch closely at farrowing Clean pigs and dry them Ensure that pigs nurse and consume colostrum Provide additional heat room temp 70 75 F creep area 85 95 F Management During Lactation Lactation peaks at 2 3 weeks Energy requirements doubles triples Change to full feed or increase energy content of diet Increase protein to 14 16 V Use caution when moving sow to full feed following parturition May cause mastitis low milk production and scours in pigs ROT feed up to 3 of feed the first 24 hrs Increase feed 2 3 day until full feed 5 6D Include a laxative factor in feed for 7 days post farrowing Care of Baby Pigs 65 of pig death loss occurs within 3 days of birth Most important factor is to manage body temperature If pigs get chilled see longer sensitivity to scours and pneumonia Room temperature 70 75 F creep area 85 95 F Ensure pigs get colostrum during first 48 hours Pig loses ability to absorb antibodies after 48 hours Dip navels and umbilical cords in iodine In first 3 days Cross foster pigs if necessary Castrate males can wait up to 14 days Clip the 8 needle milk teeth Give iron injection boost at 2 weeks Vaccinate for Atrophic rhinitis Mycoplasma Pasturella Erysipelas Ear notch and clip tails Wean at 21 to 28 days pigs weigh 12 15 lbs Move to nursery and begin starter ration Stay in nursery about 4 weeks Pigs weigh 40 60 lbs at 8 to 10 weeks
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