ADSC 2010 Lecture 17Outline of Last Lecture I. Digestive Systems- Monogastrics continuedII. Pig Diagram: EnzymesA. Salivary GlandB. StomachC. DuodenumD. PancreasE. Liver/Gall BladderIII. Large IntestineIV. Ruminant Digestive SystemA. Segments of Ruminant Digestive System1. MouthOutline of Current Lecture I. Segments of the Ruminant Digestive SystemA. EsophagusB. Rumena. Contentsb. PapillaeC. ReticulumD. OmasumE. AbomasumCurrent Lecture:I. Segments of the Ruminant Digestive SystemA. Esophagus: Two way street (organ of Prehension)- Passageway for feed from the mouth to the reticulo-rumen and from the reticulo-rumen to the mouth B. Rumen: anaerobic, vat (cow ~40gal), ~60% of “stomach” capacity, major site of fermentationa. Contents1. 109 or 1010 bacteria/mL: produce cellulose2. Up to 106 protozoa/mL: continue forage breakdown3. Other: bacteria, protists, fungi, viruses, mycoplasmab. Papillae: inside of rumen wall- Increase SA for absorption of glucose to make volatile fatty acids- (VFAs also found in cecum of horse)- Acetate (2C), propionate (3C), butyrate (4C)- easily absorbed by wall of rumen, needs neutral pH (6.5) achieved from mainly roughage (20-30%) diets.IONOPHORES: compound buffers, keep pH of rumen constantC. Reticulum: distribution (anterior side) 5-8% of stomach- Heavy particles stay (rocks, nails, etc.)- Lighter Particles go back to rumen (forage)D. Omasum: Hard, solid because of folds of skin… 5-8% of stomach- Water absorption- SortingE. Abomasum: True Stomach (RIGHT SIDE) 5-10% of stomach- Glandular stomach- Secretes HCl, pepsin- pH of 2-3- secretes lysosomes which allow animals to digest microbes and break down the cell wall***Hardware disease: large, sharp particles from rumen/reticulum go to finish digesting; leads to infection (hard to
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