ADSC 2010 Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Global Food SupplyA. Cereal GrainsB. Animal ProductsII. Importance of Animal Protein in Human DietsA. “Biological value”B. Essential Amino AcidsC. B-VitaminsIII. Available Food SuppliesA. Developed CountriesB. Developing CountriesIV. Animal Product ConsumptionA. Developing CountriesB. Developed CountriesV. Facts- Agriculture in Developed vs. Developing CountriesA. Developing CountriesB. Percent of Disposable Income Spent on FoodVI. Reasons for Inadequate Food SuppliesVII. 2013 U.S. Beef Cow InventoryVIII. 2013 U.S. Cattle-on-Feed InventoryIX. 2013 U.S. Dairy Cow InventoryX. 2013 U.S. Hogs and Pigs InventoryOutline of Current Lecture I. Swine ProductionII. 2013 U.S. Breeding SheepA. Range-Flock ProductionB. Farm-Flock ProductionC. 1940sIII. 2013 U.S. Broiler Inventory A. Vertically Integrated IndustryB. Lean meatC. What helped develop the poultry industry?IV. 2008 U.S. Horse InventoryV. Breeds of Livestock1. Beef Cattle Breedsa. Bos Taurus- British - Exotic/Continentalb. Bos Indicus- Zebu- American Breedsc. SimAngos A. Angus Breeda. Originated in Scotlandb. Strengthsc. WeaknessesB. Hereforda. Originated in Englandb. Strengthsc. WeaknessesC. Shorthorna. Originated in Englandb. Strengthsc. WeaknessesCurrent LectureI. Swine Production Mainly in the “corn belt” Smithfield foods in N.C. is very important to swine production there… Smithfield headquarters is located in V.A. (36-37k pigs slaughtered in a day) GA = 26th, declining since the 1990s because we don’t have many packing plantsand we don’t have much cornII. 2013 U.S. Breeding Sheep (US = 4 million)1. Texas – .6 million2. California3. Utah4. Wyoming5. South Dakota6. Montana7. Colorado8. Idaho9. Oregon10. IowaA. Range-Flock Production: Western production. Mostly Ewes = wool. Mostly Lamb = meat.B. Farm-Flock Production: East of MI River. Smaller than range-flock production. 20-30 Ewe/Ram Range… Only used for meatC. 1940s- 56 Million sheep in U.S.- WWII erased sheep consumers, soldiers tired of mutton.III. 2013 U.S. Broiler Inventory (US – 8.6 billion) 1. Georgia – 1.5 billion2. Arkansas – 1 billion3. Alabama – 1 billion4. North Carolina5. Michigan**Young industry- began in 1950s. **BROILER BELT!A. Vertically Integrated Industry: They are all owned by ONE company- That company owns everything to do with this industry except the chickens themselves.B. Lean meat: It is not fatty like cattle meatC. What helped develop the poultry industry?- Less time for chickens to develop (6-8 weeks)- Built consumer demandIV. 2008 U.S. Horse Inventory (US = 9.2 million)1. Texas 2. California3. Florida4. Oklahoma5. Kentucky**Horses are still used for work, horse racing makes them so spread out (betting races), and Horses move a lot from Ocala, FL to Lexington, KYV. Breeds of Livestock11. Beef Cattle Breedsa. Bos Taurus- British - Angus- Hereford- Shorthorn- Exotic/Continental- Simmental- Charolaise- Limousin- Gelbvieh- Maine Anjou b. Bos Indicus- Zebu- Brahman * US industry- Nellore- Glv- Indu-Brazil- American Breeds: Crosses between brahmen & Bos Taurus Breed- **Beef master – ½ Brahmen, ¼ Hereford, ¼ Shorthorn- Brangus – 3/8 Brahmen, 5/8 angus- Bradford- 3/8 Brahmen, 5/8 Hereford- Simbrah – 3/8 Brahmen, 5/8 Simmental c. SimAngos : Simmental & Angus- Limflex: Limousin & Angus- Balancer: Gelbvieh & AngusA. Angus Breed:#1 in US = Black Angus, #6 in US = Red Angusa. Originated in Scotland- Black and red- Polled (No horns)- Moderate mature sizeb. Strengths- Maternal traits- Fertility and calving ease- Meat quality- marbling: fat inside of muscle juiciness, tenderness, and flavorc. Weaknesses- Mature size and growth (small)- Heat tolerance- Carcass cutability- how much product you get (fat : muscle)B. Hereford: #2 USa. Originated in England- Red body with white face- Horned and polled- Moderate mature sizeb. Strengths- Hardy-range and cold- Productivity in range conditions- Good temperament c. Weaknesses- Low milk production- Mature size and growth- Sunburn on face, susceptible to eye cancers**Angus/hereford = black belayC. Shorthorna. Originated in England- Red, White, roan- Horned and polled- Moderate to large size- Long hairb. Strengths- Milk production- Mothering ability- Good temperament- Carcass quality- Used for workc. Weaknesses- Lack of muscling- Heat tolerance- Carcass
View Full Document
Unlocking...