Psych 100 1H Focus Questions Chapter 3 pg 70 end Class 6 9 9 2013 1 Describe and give an example of species typical behavior How is this behavior learned and what biological prerequisites must be met in order for this behavior to occur a Stress Response Eating Drinking Smile Eyebrow flash b Biological preparedness anatomical structures permit individual to do behavior 2 Contrast homology and analogy and provide examples of both How does studying each of these advance the science of psychology a Homology divergent evolution same ancestor i Humans ii Useful for research on physiological mechanisms of behavior Convergent evolution can produce similar behaviors that operate through different mechanisms researchers will seek to understand the physiological mechanism of some behavior in humans through experiments on other species Pathways along which species typical behaviors evolved b Analogy convergent evolution different ancestor i Bats and birds ii Making inferences about ultimate functions of species typical behaviors Ultimate function of the trait 3 Discuss Trivers s theory of parental investment How does this theory relate to each of the four classes of mating patterns a any time energy resources and risk that a parent uses for the benefit of their offspring i mating developmental parental involvement jealousy b Polygyny High female low male c Polyandry High male low female d Monogamy Equivalent e Polygynandry Investment in the group 4 What is the primate rule in terms of sex differences in aggression Which species seems to be an exception to this rule and why a Males need to be more aggressive because of females higher Parental Investment i Males related to sexual activity ii Females aggressive to secure resources for offspring b Bonobos i Genetic make up Females don t usually form alliances to control males 5 Discuss the kin selection theory of altruism and the reciprocity theory of apparent altruism Why is the second theory referred to as apparent altruism a Kin selection theory help genetically most similar b Reciprocity theory arise even in non kin In the end benefiting self i ii Helping those helped in past not helping those ignored in past 6 Define naturalistic fallacy and deterministic fallacy and provide an example of each a Naturalistic natural moral right i If natural selection promotes male dominance then its okay b Deterministic genetic influences take control of behavior i Fighting for territory unavoidable because genes
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