Soc. 001 1st Edition Lecture 21Outline of Last Lecture I. ValuesII. FamilyIII. Penn State Ex. From ClassIV. SocializationV. Chapter 9 Reading AssignmentOutline of Current Lecture VI. Five Agents of SocializationVII. Chapter 10 Reading Assignment Current Lecture- Lack of socialization cause the brain not to be “wired” correctly- “How did you learn which is “edible” and which isn’t? o through- Agents of socialization: Groups o Family  They teach you to…- Tie shoes- Know the difference between right and wrong o School  Includes coaching/piano lessons Gives you knowledge  It teaches you…- All of the things from above and class-specific knowledgeo Mass media  It teaches you…- What is going on in society- What the latest trends areo Peer Groups (friends, acquaintances, enemies) They teach you…- Appropriate gender roles- How to be chillo Work place They teach you…- Workplace folkways (always stop and chat with your superiors)- Job-specific skills These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Chapter 10- Problem in society: people dieo Cannot be simply fixed by reproducingo Society needs people who can fill positions within the social structure (statuses) and carry out the behaviors expected (roles) of status incumbents- Socialization: the process by which society molds its members into properly social beingso **The process by which people acquire cultural competency and through which society perpetuates the fundamental nature of existing social structureso **Socialization is most intense for young people; lifelong process- The social self, values, beliefs, ideas, decision-making strategies, and the general was that peoplelive their lives are better explained by social (nurture) rather than biological factors (nature)- Anna was a child who, for the first 6 years of her life, was locked in an attack outside of a social environment. Other than food to eat, she received no other nurture from her mother. When rescued, she was said to not be able to “walk, talk or do anything that showed intelligence”. Anna died 4 years later, and only progressed in that 4 years two the level of a 2 and ½ year old child.- Isabelle was also kept in seclusion after birth, away from most human interaction. When she wasrescued at age 6 and ½, she responded as a wild animal would, but within a couple of years was able to catch up to the other kids in her age group. The difference between her and Anna was that Isabelle was never cut off from human contact to the same degree as Anna, but was still nurtured by her mother. And even though her mother was a deaf mute, this early socialization made a huge difference in her life. - Research suggests that solely providing for an infant’s physical needs is not enough to produce a healthy child- When comparing children raised in a prison nursery but cared by their mothers versus children raised in an orphanage where 6 nurses attended to about 45 infants, the children in the orphanage were much less developed. Children in the orphanage that were of older age than those in the prison could not walk, could not eat by themselves, could barely speak a word or two and were not potty trained. The children in the prison climbed on the bars of their cots, walked around and were vocalizing freely (some even saying words already).o **Outcome: without social interaction, humans cannot develop a social self, that relatively organized complex of attitudes, beliefs, values and behaviors associated with an individual - Socialization is a dynamic process of give and take between people and others in their environmento People help to create their social selves in the socialization process - The Looking-Glass Self: Charles Horton Cooleyo Social self arises through interaction with otherso Based on our perception of how others see us, we develop our reflected of looking-glass selveso Idea of the social self included three principle elements: We imagine how we look to the other person We imagine that other person’s reaction to our appearance We have some self-feeling such as pride or shameo Social self is constructed as a result of this reflective processo Cooley believed that primary groups (family, friends, play groups, work groups) were especially potent agents of socialization From the primary group, we learn to read what people are thinking and the results of adjusting our behavior according to what they are thinkingo A child that lives in total isolation is not fully human, and can only become truly human with social experience- The “I” and the “Me”: George Herbert Meado The self involves two phases: the “I” and the “Me” Me: part of self that is based on how one sees others as seeing oneself (what you see yourself as in the eyes of another) I: part that is uniquely you-your personal reactions to the situation The Me sees oneself as an object, as others see them; the I is one’s response to the perception of how one thinks others see them in the situation Children are not born with the “I’ and “Me”; they must be developed o Children often “play”, in which they take on simple initiative behaviors. Here, they often play different roles, such as doctor and patient, police and criminal. In this way, they:- Begin to appreciate the perspective of others- Build up a sense of themselves as something that other people look at and make judgments about Gives children the first exposure to taking on roles Play is the first step in developing the Me How play is done is limited only by the child’s imaginationo Games are much different; they have rules and specific roles (batter, hitter, catcher, etc.) Rules specify how the person in each role participates The roles and rules in the games are impersonal-they apply no matter who occupies the role Participating in games enhances children’s ability to do role-taking: take on the role of another and see how things look from his or her point of view Generalized other: acquired when a child can take on the POV of anotherAgents of Socialization:- Family: crucial part of socialization o Family teaches children some competency for the nonmaterial culture- how to communicate, sense of right and wrong, basic beliefs about how the world works- as well as competency in the use of material culture-how to tie