Soc 001 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I Clickers II Complexity of Culture III Material culture IV Nonmaterial culture Outline of Current Lecture V Clickers VI Status VII Role VIII Social Structure IX Socialization X Chapter 8 Reading Assignment Current Lecture Clicker Question 1 Certain written and unwritten rules of behavior are known as o Norms Clicker Question 2 If there were no culture the most serious consequence would be that o People would have trouble surviving at all Statuses and Roles from the football field o Status center o Role snap the ball make a hole guard the QB Social structure o Status position in the social structure o Role the sum of expectations about the behavior attached to a particular status Social structure influences behavior o Our behavior is determined by Our status position Our role others expectations Relations between the statuses Ex Quarterback and wide receiver Clicker Question 3 Roles are expectations about the behavior attached to a particular place in the social structure Clicker Question 4 social structures are composed of o Statuses and roles Cultures are made up of social structures Case study Lamb and Lynx Gaede These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o How do things get to be a certain way o Was it nature or nurture Socialization o Lifelong process by which individuals acquired cultural competency and get a sense of themselves as an individual o Lifelong process by which cultures perpetuate existing social structures Clicker Question 5 Which of the following statements about socialization is false o Socialization is complete when the individual reaches adulthood Chapter 8 Reading Assignment Social Structure Social structure set of relatively stable roles or patterned relationships among statuses Social status a position that a person occupies in a social structure o Family statuses mother father daughter son aunt o Occupational statuses Governor lawyer doctor police mailman o Social class statuses upper middle and lower classes o Other statuses based on age sex race ethnicity etc Some statuses can be achieved by individuals spouse doctor graduate student convicted mass murderer etc others can be ascribed individuals are placed usually at birth in a status sex race ethnicity etc Status symbols clues about others social statuses gleaned by watching and listening to them Incumbent individual occupying a certain status When we know an individual s status we have some good ideas about how he or she may act and expect to be treated so we generally feel more comfortable interacting with them than when status is not known Role the sum total of expectations about the behavior attached to a particular social status o As a student our role is to come to class pay attention complete homework assignments and quizzes and study take exams Statuses and roles exist independently of their incumbents or occupants regardless of who the student is he she must meet certain minimal role expectations Three major problems that can accompany living out statuses holding up roles o Role Stain occurs when the demands of a particular role are such that the incumbent is hard pressed to meet them all Students must complete constant work from multiple classes they are enrolled in while being involved in extracurriculars building up a resume or working a job to pay for school Police officers must meet a quota of traffic tickets solve crimes respond to emergencies and protect the rights of suspects o Status Inconsistency occurs when an individual comes to occupy multiple statuses that in combination do not mesh with social expectations Middle aged man goes back to college but must refer to a young professor half his age as Sir Woman becomes a truck driver usually a male status Man becomes a nurse usually a female status o Role Conflict occurs when not only the combos of statuses are inconsistent but the actual demands of their roles can clash as well If the child of a Supreme Court judge got into trouble and was brought into their parent s court the judge would not be able to act as an impartial because of the conflict between roles of parent and judge When you are babysitting a child and your boyfriend girlfriend wants to come over the roles of babysitter and lover conflict with each other Master status the one status out of many that a person occupies which filters out the othersusually gender race or ethnicity o Master status changes expectations of how someone should will play out their roles and how others should respond to this o In the American society we like to think that our achieved statuses are more important than our ascribed statuses so it upsets people when their master status has to do with their gender race or other ascribed attribute African American doctor or Female lawyer Who we are can also be defined by one s membership in a specific group one or more individuals with whom we share some sense of identity or common goals and with whom we interact within a specific social structure o There are many different sorts of social groups that vary on intimacy whether they are opened or closed to others but social groups are also something more than a mere social aggregation o Social aggregation some collectivity of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time Aggregation of fans at a football game or a jazz concert is not a social group o Primary social group family and friendship groups Came from Charles H Cooley who was interested on discovering how humans becomes socialized how they are taught to be functioning members of a social group People learn the rules of social life and cooperation Tend to be Gemeinschaf o Secondary social group less intimacy usually larger groups and contains means to anend relationships other members of the group view you as a member or worker or a student or a person with individual need What is important is your status not your personal characteristics Tend to be Gesellschaf Formal organizations come into being when groups of people band together to achieve a specific goal secondary group o Ex Making money for stockholders o Ex People involved in community service o People formalize their relationships with one another o One of the most dominant types is the bureaucracy who Max Weber stated is one of the more important manifestations of the trend toward the rationalization of life