CLAS 1000 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. Syllabus and class expectationsOutline of Current Lecture II. EmergenceA. Indo-European HeritageB. Bronze Age (2000-1200BC)Current Lecture**Proto Indo-Europeans- the original Indo-Europeans before they broke off into subgroups and migrated to new locationsSir William Jones: made a famous speech February 2nd, 1786, hypothesizing that all languages come from a common ancestor language known as the Indo-European language- Says that if you look at the words in Sanskrit, Latin, or Greek, a lot of the words are very similar and may be related; same concept with Gothic, Celtic, and Persian words.- Everything is derived from some common language, known as the Indo-European languageIndo-European Language and Peoples- Groups left homeland around 4000BC – either because they were exiled or because of overpopulation (not enough land/food or power conflicts)- As people moved away from the homeland, they began developing dialects, and then languages. These changed slowly and slightly from the Proto Indo-European (the original IE language) language and eventually became separate languages.o Causes of new languages forming: Other peoples inhabited the new land, these people had languages with words that the Indo-Europeans picked up on and added to their language. There were new things in the new lands (the sea, new animals, new crops, etc.) - Groups of I-E moved far and wide, ranging from West China to IrelandThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- There is no physical direct evidence (old weapons/tools, writing) found that these people existed, we know about them through comparative linguistics and mythology.o Common words indicate that there was once and overarching society to all ofthese sub groups.  Examples of words that all subgroups of the proto Indo-Europeans share: horse, fish, domesticated animals, basic family structureso Common phrases that all have the same proto Indo-European root: Calvert Walkins, How to Kill a Dragon (2001), all Indo-European derived languages have reconstructed phrases for killing a serpent, indicating that killing a serpent must have been a proto Indo-European phrase and a tradition.Greece: an Indo-European subgroup that left the homeland and migrated to the land, which is now called Greece- The Greeks wandered many years inland and developed a language and culture of their owno They had no word for sea, reinforcing the idea that they were inland- Eventually they found, and settled in, Greece (by 2300BC) and started populating andgrowing a society hereo Slowly expanded south, Aegean sea colonieso This all happened in stages- proven in Greek mythology and writing- There were already people in Greece when the Greeks arrivedo The Palasgians- an earlier Proto Indo-European subgroup that moved to Greece before the Greekso Eventually the Palagians diminished and Greeks become dominant o Greeks picked up words and phrases from the Palasgians: -nth (Korinth = a town, Plynthos = bricks) -ss (Thalassa = sea) *before the Greeks adopted this words they referred to the sea as “the salt” because they had no words for sea and it was saltyMinoan Culture:- Sir Arthur Evans (1899+ AD)- unearthed the palace of Knossos on the Greek island of Crete and discovered the concept of Minoan civilization- Crete- a powerhouse in the Mediterranean, where the Minoans residedo Not Greeko A multicultural place where people came (traders/immigrants)o The Crete culture/power spreads to islands and mainland and the Greeks start adopting the culture/society of the Minoans - Palace Centers- the society was highly centered around the palaceo Not fortified- not worried about invasions because it was an island and they had a strong Navy- Thalassocrasy- ruled by the sea, has a strong Navy, no one could get to the