CLAS 1000 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture II. Epic Encounters: Early Archaic (800-700BC)A. Homera. Iliad i. Book 9 (…Embassy)ii. Book 14 (time/kleos; Hera & Zeus)iii. Book 16 (death of Patroklos)Current LectureBook 18: Achilles learns of death of Patroklos- falls into lamentation- Easily susceptible to powerful emotions (menis, lamentation..)- Thetis hears of Achilles lamenting and joins with him in crying. She also laments about the fact that Achilles is one day going to die as well. - Achilles makes his decision: he is going to return to battle and fight Troyo Sealed his fate: will die young with a good reputationo A turning point in the war- Shield/Armor of Achilles: Thetis goes to Hephaestus and asks him to make armor for her son, Achilleso Kharis- a long time ago, Thetis helped Hephaestus when he was thrown out of Olympus; now, she is asking for his help in return for this favor. He happily agrees.Book 19: Thetis perserves Patroklos’ body so it doesn’t decompose before the burial- A public reconciliation between Achilles and Agamemnon:o Agamemnon publically apologizes to Achilles - All Achilles can think about is killing Hektor, doesn’t think about his army and their need for rest and food.o Hubris: excessive battle lust; crossing boundaries of the human body and its need for sleep and food.- Talking horse Xanthoso Able to talk because of HeraThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Achilles gets on horse to head into battle and yells at the horse to keep him alive, unlike Patroklos.o Horse replies to Achilles, saying it wasn’t his fault that Patroklos dies and thenmakes a reference to Achilles upcoming death.Book 21: Aristeia of Achilles: an unstoppable force on the battlefield- Achilles is out of control and killing man left and right, and throwing them into the river, Skymondos.- The river gets overfilled with dead bodies and threatens to drown Achilles if he does not put the bodies elsewhereo Achilles is acting like an animal (less-than-human)- Zeus allows the gods to enter into the war and help out the mortalso Appolo says that he will not fight over mortals, unlike the other gods- Hektor is outside the gate of Troy wondering if he should fight the battle or enter thegate and return home to his family.o Puts his helmet on and returns to the battle because he wants kleos of killing Achilles and doesn’t want to enter into Troy and see all of the people who were affected by death of a loved one in the war (shame culture)- Hektor sees Achilles coming and runs away, this shows Hektors human, emotional side and shows Achilles bloodthirsty monstrous side.- Hektor’s last stand: He is running around the city of Troy being chased by Achilleso Similes: hawk v dove, foot race v horse race, dog v fawn)- Achilles refuses any help from other Greeks because he wants the kleos of killing Hektor for himself- Zeus wants to save Hektor, but knows he cannot (just like son Sarpedon) because gods too have to listen to fateo Athena plays a trick on Hektor: she takes on a disguise as Hektors brother andHektor thinks he is there to help kill Achilles. However, Athen (disguised as Hektors brother) doesn’t help at all, she allowed Achilles to slay Hektor.- Achilles sees Hektor is wearing Patroklos’ armor- Achilles vaunts about killing Hektor: “I would eat your dead flesh if I could” (a less-than-human thing to do)- Hektors last words were telling Achilles that his death was
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