CLAS 1000 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture 1. Epic Encounters: Early Archaic (800-700BC)a. Homeri. Iliad1. Book 18: Achilles choice; Thetis and Hephaistos2. Book 19: Public reconciliation; Hubris of Achilles; Xanthos3. Book 21: Aristeia of Achilles; gods join war4. Book 22: Hektor’s choice; death of Hektor…Outline of Current Lecture Book 22 (cont.) - Mistreatment of Hektor’s dead body: Greeks stabbing it and Achilles pulling it behind hiscarriage around Troy multiple times: public show of Hektor’s deathBook 23:- Burial of Patroklos- Spirit of Patroklos in Achilles’ dream: o Achilles and Patroklos came together because of an unintentional homicide by Patroklos when he was a young boy, drove him out of his homeland and to Greece.o Prophecy: Achilles death- the spirit of Patroklos tells Achilles that his death is near and asks that they be buried together, Achilles says yeso Nature of the dead “vapor”- Achilles reaches out to touch Patroklos in the dream, but his hand goes straight through the “vaporous” Patroklos’ soul.- A public burial with human sacrifice, contrast with Hektors lack of a burial – Hubris.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Funeral games: used to win kleos and time even in a time of sorrow when the war is at a stalemateo the most prestigious event is the chariot raceo Winning/losing and piety: those who pray to the gods most will be helped most in the games and in life, those who don’t pray will not receive help from gods- Foreshadowing:o Aias, son of Telemon, vs. Odysseus in a wrestling match: Odysseus wins and Aias is so distraught that he kills himselfo Athena trips of Aias, son of oileus, in a footrace, causing him to fall face first in a pile of dung.- Achilles as a host for the funeral games: a completely different man than he waso Gives out gifts and prizeso Gives a gift to Nestor to show respecto Settles disputes, reintegration into societyo Achilles starts to become aware of his surroundings and shows his human side for the first time in the IliadBook 24:- Achilles goes too far again (hubris)- The burial of the dead is a symbol for the final realease of Psukhe- the soul/spirit- Priams mission is to get Hektors corpse back from Achilles, so he goes to the Greek campwith gifts to bribe them with. He knows this is suicidal but he is sanctioned by the gods: Hermes disguises himself as a Greek soldier to lead Priam into the camp.- Priam and Achilles encounter:o Achilles: widely passionate, menis, violent mindedo Priam: old man, violence in childhood, humble, helplesso Priam comes to Greece as a supplies, even though in book 21 Achilles was killing suppliants left and right Priam has no hesitation; very courageous for his sono Priam makes a speech about fatherhood and parenthood to Achilles, reminding Achilles of his own father and how his father will not see his burial. Priam says heis willing to kiss the bloodstained hand of Achilles if it means getting his son back.- Reconciliation: Achilles gives up his menis because of Priams pity speecho Priam and Achilles weep together but for different reasons- Xenia and commensality: the sharing of a meal in Achilles tent whilst they comfort each other- However, Achilles menis is not gone forever. When Achilles is giving Priam some advice, he says “don’t piss me off, I will kill you if you do.” Showing that he has not changes all that
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