CLAS 1000 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture II. Epic Encounters: Early Archaic (800-700BC)A. Iliada. Book 6 (Xenia, Hektor at Troy)b. Book 9 (Embassy…)Current LectureBook 9: - Each of three entreaties were persuasive (Odysseus – clever speech, Phoinix – emotionalspeech, Aias – simple, direct speech)- Achilles’ steadfast- doesn’t give in to plea, answers each man individually:o To Odysseus: why are we fighting for Helen? Someone else’s love, not our business “I hate gifts” (378)- no kharis, saying that Agamemnon is less worthy than he himself (kharis can only happen between equals) Achilles decision: to stay, fight, and die young and noble or leave, go home and live a long, unknown life. Timé- loss of face, public humiliation- cant get over ito To Phoinix: Achilles rejects the emotional appeal of this speech, but doesn’t have much else to sayo To Aias: Achilles is still angry about public humiliation is doesn’t pay attention to Aias’ good, persuasive points.- Hubris of Achilles – violated the boundaries of expected societal behavioro Agamemnon admitted he was wrong and wanted to make amends with Achilles, Achilles ignores ito Rejecting conventions of ancient greek civilizationBook 14: Agamemnon hears news about Achilles- Agamemnon calls the leaders and takes council: he is worried about how this war outcome is making him look, his timéo With Zeus helping the Trojans, there is no way for the Greeks to winThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Says they should just give up and go home (like in book 2)o Wants to sneak out quietly at night- Timé/Kleos- men remind Agamemnon that they cant just sneak out and leaveo Odysseus says that leaving is shameful and would result in a complete loss of timé and that he would rather go down in a fighto Diomedes says that leaving will wreck his noble heritage- Diomedes has to prove that he is equal, or better, than his father was as a warrioro Zeus, previously, had told all other gods to stay out of the war and not help eitherside. Zeus likes to watch the mortals fight the war without the help of immortals-personal entertainment Poseidon puts on a disguise and says “don’t worry you have some gods helping you/looking after you”- Agamemnon and the rest of the soldiers agree to return to the battlefieldo Illustration of Achilles hubris: other men are willing to go out on the battlefield and die like true warriors, Achilles is not helping- Hera (supporter of the Greeks) and Zeus (supporter of the Trojans)- unhappily marriedo Hera is happy that Poseidon is going to help the Greekso Hera seduces/distracts Zeus by getting beautiful Persuades Aphrodite to give her the zoné: magic clothing that makes you irresistible to others; Aphrodite likes the Trojans so Hera knows that she has to trick Aphrodite into thinking the zoné is for someone else. Persuades Sleep to get Zeus to doze off for a while so Poseidon can help the Greeks without being killed/shamed by Zeus- Sleep remembers the last time he did something nice for Zeus andalmost got killed for it; Hera persuades Sleep with a marriage to his lifelong crush- Zeus’ reaction to the beautiful Hera: says he’s never seen a woman more beautiful, not even any of the other girls he has slept with (humorous) Book 16: - Trojans reach the wall Greeks have built with their ships- Achilles partially relents- says he will return to the war once he is personally affected by the Trojanso Achilles sends Patroclus out in his armor to threaten the Trojans a little bit. Tells Patroclus to be careful and not kill anyone unless he has to. Achilles only says thisbecause he is concerned with his own timé/kleos: he wants to be the one to destroy the Trojans. - Aristeia of Patroclus: once in Achilles armor, he kills a bunch of Trojans including Sarpedon, son of Zeus, earning himself lots of kleos- Zeus sees the death of his son from Mt. Olympus, cries tears of bloodo Zeus wants to bring Sarpedon back to life; Hera says no, that it was fate for him to die and if they bring a mortal back to life, then other gods will bring mortals back to life – making them immortals and closing the gap between gods and mortals -- a bad idea. (God/Man asymmetry must be maintained)- Death of Patroclus- Patroclus committed hubris: crossed the boundary set by Achilles and pays for it with