Chapter 53: Population EcologyWeek 14, Session 2Supplemental InstructionIowa State UniversityLeader: KelseyCourse: Bio 211 (5)Instructor: Dr. HolscherDate: 12-1-091. What is a population?a group of organisms in a given area that are the same species2. How do we determine density?through use of sampling methods: random sampling, mark re-capture3. True or false: density doesn’t change at all over time. __false_________4. List and describe the three types of dispersion:a. Clumped: patches, influenced by resource availability and behaviorb. Uniform: equal spacing between individuals, influenced by social interactions (ex. Territoriality)c. Random: position of each individual is independent of other individuals5. Which type of dispersion is most common?clumped6. What three techniques do we use to study demographics?a. Life tablesb. Survivorship curvesc. Reproductive tables7. What is a cohort?a group of individuals of a species that are the same ageSupplemental Instruction1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center v 294-6624 v www.si.iastate.edu8. Describe the three “types” present on a survivorship curve:a. Type I: few die when young, many die around the same age when older (humans)b. Type II: equal chance of dying at each age, linear decrease (squirrels)c. Type III: many die off young, if they make it past young age the rate of survivorship decreases slowly over time (clams)9. Organisms displaying __semalparity__________________ reproduce a single time and then die, whereas organisms displaying _iteroparity____________________ reproduce multiple times across their life.10. In order for zero population growth to occur, what two things must be equal?birth rate=death rate11. What is the shape of exponential growth?J-shaped12. What does the symbol K stand for? Define this term. carrying capacity: maximum population size that a particular environment can support at that time13. What type of population growth takes carrying capacity into consideration? logistic14. What does it mean if an organism is density-dependent? birth and death rate rise and fall with population density15. What are some examples of negative feedback in density-dependent populations?competition, territoriality, pathogen spread, prey as preferential feeding of prey by predators, intrinsic factors, accumulation of toxic waste16. What two configurations can human populations with zero population growth have? low birth and death rate or high birth and death rate17. What configuration is most desirable?low birth and death rate18. What is it called when a society switches configurations?a demographic transition19. What is an ecological footprint? An ecological footprint summarizes the land and water area required by a person, city or
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