SI Bio 211 Evolution3.21.7Linnaeus-c-i-jCuvier-m-kHutton-fLyell-lLamarck-b-aDarwin-d-hWallace-eMalthus-gA. “Discovered” evolutionB. “Inheritance of acquired characteristics”C. Binomial namingD. Evolution through natural selection (credited)E. Evolution through natural selection (not credited)F. GradualismG. Study on Human PopulationsH. Studied botany at CambridgeI. Swedish naturalistJ. TaxonomyK. Theory of catastrophismL. UniformitarianismM. Paleontologist1. Darwin sailed in the __beagle____________ around the world.2. He looked at the __beaks_______ of finches in the ____galapagos island________________.3. He reasoned that a limited __food______ supply prevents ____populations to overgrow_______________.4. What is Natural Selection?The process by which some individuals leave more offspring than others is called"NATURAL SELECTION”5. What are the 5 assumptions on which Natural Selection is based on?1. Like begets like – stability in reproduction2. In a population, there is variation among individuals; some variation isHeritable3. # individuals that survive to reproduce is small relative to # produced4. Individuals with inherited characteristics that best match the environment leave more offspring.5. These “favorable variations” become more common in the pop. from one gen. to the next.6. Evolution is the change in ___gene frequency_____________ or ______population___________ over time.7. Explain 7 evidences for evolution.– BIOGEOGRAPHY- movement of land masses over time affects spp. distribution– FOSSILS– TAXONOMY- reflects the branching tree of life– COMPARATIVE ANATOMY- Homologous structures and Vestigial structures– COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY - Closely related organisms go through similar developmental stages– MOLECULAR BIOLOGY – Artificial Selection8. What are some of the importance of evolution to modern biology?We can understand:1. Resemblance and differences2. Purposefulness of living things and their activities (e.g., flowers and sweet odors)3. Relationships between structure and function9. How is variation created among individuals? How does variation effect the population?1. Gene mutations, (produces new alleles)2. Crossing over during meiosis (exchange of parts of chromosomes)3. Independent assortment (different mixtures of chromosomes in every generation)4. Fertilization5. Change in chromosome number and structure (especially important in plants)The amount of evolution that occurs is going to be related to how much variation is in thepopulation. If there is a lot of variation, then there will be a lot of evolution when the environment
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