Review For Exam 1 Biology 211 section 2SI leader Aubrie Use the figure above for the next four questions: 1. Which similarly inclusive taxon descended from the same common ancestor as Canidae?a. Felidae b. Mustelidaec. Carnivora d. Canise. Lutra2. Which is a sister taxon to Taxidae?a. Mustelidae b. Canisc. Panthera d. Lutra3. What Order is Canis latrans in? a. Canis b. Canidae c. Carnivora d. Cannot answer with information givenRemember: DKPCOFGS4. Canis lupus and Canis latrans are most closely related because they:a. do not share a common ancestor with Panthera leo, Taxidea taxus, or Lutra lutrab. are monophyleticc. evolved from a common ancestor a long time agod. have the most shared derived characters in commone. have the youngest species5. Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, as do extinct species U and V. A grouping that includes species T, X, Y, and Z makes upa. a valid taxon b. a monophyletic cladec. an ingroup d. a paraphyletic groupe. a polyphyletic group6. Which of these taxonomic units are most equivalent across all eukaryotes? a. family b. speciesc. phyla d. kingdomse. all are comparable across different lineages7. Life on Earth is thought to have begun a. 540 million years agob. 635 million years ago c. 2. 7 billion years ago, when there was enough oxygen in the aird. Between 3.5 and 3.9 billion years ago, after Earth cooled and rocks began to forme. 4.5 billion years ago, shortly after Earth first formed8. Cyanobacteria area. photoautotrophs b. photoheterotrophsc. chemoautotrophs d. chemoheterotrophs9. According to the hypothesis of endosymbiosis, a. The first primitive cells may have originated when a lipid bilayer spontaneously formed around abiotically produced polymersb. Plants were able to colonize land with fungi as symbionts with their rootsc. The mitochondria and plastids of eukaryotic cells were originally prokaryotic endosymbionts that became permanent parts of the host celld. The infoldings and specializations of the plasma membrane led to the evolution of the endomembrane systeme. The nuclear membrane evolved first, followed by plastids, and then by mitochondria10. What is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes?a. Microscopic/small b. Unicellularc. No internal structures d. Classified in one domain d. All trueRemember: prokaryotes= domain bacteria and archea11. The core idea that makes sense of the unity and all the diversity of life is a. The scientific method b. inductive reasoningc. deductive reasoning d. evolution12. Why are heterocysts important?a. They perform an essential task in soybean productionb. They decompose the organic waste of the earth , thus cycling nutrientsc. They fix nitrogen for the cyanobacterial cells in anabaenad. They were the first fossils found on Earth13. A chemoheterotropha. Uses energy from the sun and carbon from organic materialsb. Uses energy from organic material and its carbon from organic materialsc. Uses energy from the sun and its carbon from self-synthesized organic compoundsd. Uses energy from inorganic material and its carbon from self-synthesized organic compounds14. Genetic variation in prokaryotes may be a result of:a. Horizontal gene transferb. Transduction c. Conjugationd. Transformatione. All of the above15. An endospore performs what essential task in prokaryotes?a. Like a tail, it aids in motility using a whiplike motionb. It is a sticky polysaccharide layer that helps the cell attach and protects the cell from immunesystemsc. It forms when conditions are not favorable so the prokaryote can go into “hibernation”d. It is the result of binary fission16. A theory is _____.a. a poorly supported idea that has little backing but might be correctb. a well-supported concept that has broad explanatory powerc. the same thing as a hypothesisd. not correct unless it is several years olde. a concept that, once established in the scientific literature, can be modified but never rejected, even when new scientific methods produce data that don't fit18. Where is a bacterial cell’s DNA found?a. Mitochondriab. Nucleusc. Peroxisomed. Nucleoid regione. Capsule19. Name the correct order of appearance of the following:a. Atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, land plants, eukaryotesb. Prokaryotes, land plants, Atmospheric oxygen, eukaryotesc. Eukaryotes, atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, land plantsd. Prokaryotes, Atmospheric oxygen, eukaryotes, land plantse. Atmospheric oxygen, prokaryotes, eukaryotes, land plants20. A plasmid isa. a small circular ring of DNA found in eukaryotesb. a small circular ring of DNA found in bacteriac. can be transferred through conjugationd. both a and ce. both b and c21. Deductive reasoning a. draws a generalized conclusion after collecting data and observationsb. proceeds from the general to the specificc. is used in discovery sciencec. is better to use than inductive reasoning because it is more scientific22. Transduction is: a. the incorporation of genetic material from its environment by a prokaryoteb. the exchange of a plasmid with the F-factor from one prokaryote to anotherc. one prokaryote giving genetic material by a prokaryote by means of a sex pilusd. a bacteriophage giving a prokaryote foreign genetic material whilst infecting the cell23. Gram stains:a. color the capsule, and can tell us if a bacteria is likely to cause disease b. are used to prevent cell to cell bondingc. act on the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cellsd. act on the peptidoglycan layer of archaea cells24. ______ cells are more likely to cause disease in humans than _______ cells because they are more antibiotic resistanta. gram negative; gram positiveb. gram positive; gram negativec. prokaryotic; eukaryotic d. eukaryotic; prokaryotic25. How is the last name of your Biology professor spelled?a. Hoafmockel b. Hoffmokelc. Hofmockel c. HofmockalNext SI session is Wednesday, September 8 at 7:10 in 2131 PearsonGood luck on your
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