1. All fungi share which of the following characteristics? a. symbiotic b. heterotrophic c. flagellated d. pathogenic e. saprobic 2. The adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is primarily related to a. the ability to form haustoria and parasitize other organisms. b. avoiding sexual reproduction until the environment changes. c. the potential to inhabit almost all terrestrial habitats. d. the increased probability of contact between different mating types. e. an extensive surface area well suited for absorptive nutrition. 3. Basidia, a “spore-producing structure,” produce spores by a process known as _____. a. decomposition b. mitosis c. meiosis d. hyphae e. binary fission 4. Fungi produce _____ spores. a. dikaryotic b. haploid c. diploid d. triploid 5. Karyogamy produces a _____.a. diploid zygote b. haploid zygote c. sporesd. mycelium e. hypha 6. Which of these contains two different haploid nuclei? a. the stage of the fungal life cycle after plasmogamy occursb. the stage of the fungal life cycle after karyogamy occursc. zygote7. Inside a zygosporangia, a _____ structure undergoes karyogamy to become the _____ zygote. a. Diploid, haploidb. Haploid, dikaryoticc. Dikaryotic, diploidd. Haploid, diploid 8. In contrast to plants, the cell walls of fungi are composed of _____.a. lignin b. cellulose c. peptidoglycan d. chitin9. Hyphae with two nuclei per cell are called _____.a. diploid b. multicellular c. dikaryotic d. asci (plural of ascus) 10. _____ fungi are decomposers.a. Mutualistic b. Parasitic c. Absorptive d. Saprobic e. Mycorrhizal 11. If a fungus were to cover 8 miles, the bulk of this fungus would most likely be _____.a. reproductive structures b. haustoria c. pathogenic d. mycelium e. sporangia 12. In fungi, the function of the mycelium is _____.a. dispersal to distant habitats b. defense c. obtaining food d. surviving a period of food shortage e. movement 13. Fungi that consist of a continuous mass containing hundreds or thousands of nuclei are knownas _____.a. septic (having cell walls)b. aseptic (having no cell walls)c. imperfect fungi d. slime mold14. The hyphae of parasitic fungi that are modified to penetrate and absorb nutrients from host tissue are called _____.a. haustoria b. asci c. mycorrhizae d. septa e. basidiocarps 15. Which choice below generally represents the correct order of events in fungal sexual reproduction?a. karyogamy, meiosis, plasmogamy, germination b. meiosis, plasmogamy, karyogamy, germination c. germination, meiosis, karyogamy, plasmogamy d. plasmogamy, meiosis, germination, karyogamy e. plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis, germinationAnswers:1. b2. e3. c4. b5. a6. a7. c8. d9. c10. d11. d12. c13. b14. a15.
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