Practice Exam 3Biology 2111. Which of the following statements about the relationship between DNA molecules and chromatids is correct?a. Each chromatid contains a single linear DNA molecule.b. Each chromatid contains a large number of circular DNA molecules.c. The number of DNA molecules per chromatid varies between one and two depending on the time in the cell cycle.d. The number of DNA molecules per chromatid is described by the term ploidy. Thus, diploid cells contain two, tetraploid four, etc.e. Each gene is a DNA molecule, and chromosomes contain many genes, therefore each chromatid contains a large number of linear DNA molecules.2. Which of the following terms refers to structures with similar, but not identical, DNA molecules?a. diploidsb. homologous chromosomesc. sister chromatidsd. homologse. choices b and d are both correct3. How many chromosomes and how many chromatids are present in a haploid cell during metaphase if a diploid cell from the organism has 48 chromosomes during G1?a) 24 and 24; b) 24 and 48; c) 48 and 48; d) 48 and 96; e) 96 and 96. 4. Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?a. One purpose of meiosis is to assure that sexual reproduction does not double the amount of DNA per cell each generation.b. One purpose of meiosis is to assure that daughter cells are essentially identical.c. One purpose of meiosis is to provide a large amount of variation within a population.d. Choices a and c are both correct.e. Choices a, b, and c are all correct.5. What is a major difference between Prophase of Meiosis I and Prophase of Meiosis II?a. DNA synthesis occurs in Prophase I, but not in Prophase II.b. Recombination occurs in Prophase I, but not in Prophase II.c. The spindle forms in Prophase II, but not Prophase I.d. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in Prophase I. Chromosomes do not line up in Prophase II.e. Choices b and c are both correct.6. A diploid brain cell from a female mouse has 22 chromosomes in Metaphase. How many chromosomes andhow many chromatids are present in prophase of meiosis II in this mouse?a. 11 chromosomes and 11 chromatidsb. 11 chromosomes and 22 chromatidsc. 22 chromosomes and 11 chromatidsd. 22 chromosomes and 22 chromatidse. 22 chromosomes and 44 chromatids17. A Drosophila melanogaster sperm cell has four chromosomes. How many DNA molecules, how many chromatids, and how many chromosomes are present in a Drosophila cell nucleus during metaphase of Meiosis I?a. 4 DNA Molecules, 4 chromatids, and 4 chromosomesb. 8 DNA Molecules, 8 chromatids, and 4 chromosomesc. 8 DNA Molecules, 8 chromatids, and 8 chromosomesd. 16 DNA Molecules, 8 chromatids, and 8 chromosomese. 16 DNA Molecules, 16 chromatids, and 8 chromosomes 8. A tetraploid marigold cell has 48 chromosomes in its nucleus during the G1 portion of the mitotic cell cycle.How many chromosomes are present in a cell from the same plant which is in the metaphase of meiosis II?a. 96b. 48c. 24d. 12e. 629. The transmission of traits from one generation to another is called:a.) genetic recombination. b.) meiosis.c.) gene transmission. d.) inheritance. 10. Chromosomes in a pair that have the same length, staining pattern, and centromere position are known as_________________.a.) homolougues. b.) sister chromatidsc.) somatic chromosomes. d.) none of the above.11. Gametes are produced by ____________ which takes place in the _____________ part ofthe life cycle. a.) mitosis, haploid. b.) mitosis, diploid.c.) meiosis, diploid. d.) meiosis, haploid. 12. Which of the following is not true about alleles? a.) Alleles are another name for sister chromatids.b.) Alleles are alternate versions of genes.c.) Alleles account for the variation in inherited characters.d.) All of the above are true.13. What are the resulting probabilities of a cross between QQ and Qq?a.) 25% QQ: 50% Qq: 25% qq b.) 50% QQ: 25 Qq: 25% qqc.) 50% QQ: 50% Qq d.) 75% QQ: 25% Qq14. Cyctic Fibrosis is an example of __________________.?a.) plieotrophy b.) multiple allelesc.) epistasis d.) incomplete dominance15. Trisomy 21 is an example of_________________.a.) Polyploidy b.) Aneuploidyc.) monosomy d.) none of the above. 16. Darwin coined the term________________.a.) evolution b.) gradualismc.) natural selection d.) uniformitarianism. 17. What is the differential success in reproduction that results from the interaction between individuals that vary in heritable traits and their environments?a.) survival of the fittest. b.) natural selectionc.) evolution d.) inheritance18. What is the smallest unit that can evolve?a.) family b.) an individualc.) population d.) species19. A localized group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring is a__________________.3a.) species b.) familyc.) pack d.) population.20. New genes and alleles originate only bya.) mutations b.) genetic driftc.) natural selection d.) gene flow21. Which of the following is not a condition for Hardy-Weinberg Equilbirum?a.) Extremely large population sizeb.) No gene flowc.) Mutations must occurd.) No Natural Selection can occur. 22. If a typical somatic cell has 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are expected in a normal gamete?a. 48b. 24c. 12d. 6e. The information given is insufficient to answer the question23. In New Zealand, a new species of animal is found. There are three feather colors thatoccur frequently in the population: black, white, and grey with black seeming to be dominant. Which is a reasonable explanation, assuming that feather color is controlled by a single gene?a. Pleiotropyb. Incomplete dominancec. Polygenic Inheritanced. The grey feather color is the result of a mutation24. Green leaves are dominant to yellow leaves and blue berries are dominant to purple berries. You find a green leafed, blue berried plant. What must you do to determine this plant’s genotype?a. Cross it to a pure breeding green leafed, blue berry plantb. Cross it to a pure breeding green leafed, purple berry plantc. Cross it to a pure breeding yellow leafed, blue berry plantd. Cross it to a pure breeding yellow leafed, purple berry plant25. A man with type B blood fathers children with a woman who also has type B blood. What is/are the possible blood type/s of their offspring?a. B onlyb. A or Bc. A, B, or Od. O onlye. B or O426. Homologous chromosomesa.Line up on the metaphase plate of Metaphase Ib. Carry the same genetic locic. Segregate during meiosisd. All of the above27. When does
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