MMG301 1nd Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Cell walls of bacteriaOutline of Current Lecture II. Bacterial motilityIII. Bacterial flagellaCurrent Lecture-bacterial glycocalyx: matrix of polysaccharides and/or glycoproteins outside the bacterial cell-capsule-slime layer-functions: water retention, protective barrier, promotes cell aggregation/ flocculation, adhesion, pathogenesis (evasion from phagocytosis), biofilm formation-bacterial motility-dispersal: when bacteria grow to large enough numbers, they are too concentrated and need to spread out due to…-nutrient limitation-accumulation of waste-to escape predatory or host defense activities-types of dispersal (for prokaryotes)-flagella rotation-gliding motility (gliding and twitching do not involve flagella)-flexing periplasmic axial filamentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-gas vesicles: passive dispersal by buoyancy; watertight, gas permeable internal structures made by some aquatic microbes -bacterial flagella-monotrichous polar: singular flagellum at one end-monotrichous lateral: singular flagellum in the middle-lophotrichous: tuft of flagella at one cell pole-amphitrichous: tufts of flagella at both cell poles-peritrichous: flagella located all over the cell-structure of bacterial flagella-filament: functions as propeller-hook: transfers rotation-basal body: motor-movement of flagellated bacteria-counterclockwise: flagella concentrate at one cell pole and propels the bacteria forward-clockwise: flagella relax and bacteria tumbles
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