MMG 301 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Current Lecture I. Intro to microbiologyCurrent Lecture-see syllabus-microorganisms-organisms only seen under a microscope-range in size from .2 micrometers to a few millimeters-prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea-eukaryotes: algae, fungi, protists, plants, animals-first discovery of microbes in the 17th century-Robert Hooke (1660s)-first compound microscope-described eukaryotic microorganisms-described fruiting structures on fungi-named the “cell” as a unit of living material-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1680s)-simple microscopes with 300x magnification-first to describe bacteria-bacteria of various shapes and motility in different environments-Theory of spontaneous generation: thought of in 320 BC by Aristotle; states that life arises frominanimate objects-the defeat of the theory of spontaneous generationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Francesco Redi (17th century): experiments with maggots-Lazzaro Spallanzani (18th century): found that a boiled medium in a sealed flask does notputrefy-Louis Pasteur (1860s): ended the theory of spontaneous generation by showing that heated food exposed to air does not putrefy using the “swan neck” flask experiment-Pasteur also found that yeasts produce beer, discovered pasteurization as a method to stop milk from spoiling and causing sickness, and made the first vaccines for chicken cholera and rabies-germ theory of disease: Ignaz Semmelweiz; explained the transmission of puerperal fever; stated that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases-Robert Koch: provided additional evidence to support the germ theory of disease-Koch’s Postulates: set the experimental criteria required to link the presence of a microbial pathogen to the disease it causes -great discoveries of the 19th century-Theobald Smith: ticks transmit an infectious disease to mammals (Texas cattle fever)-Ferdinand Cohn: heat-resistant endospores; foundation for bacterial classification system-Petri: transparent plates to cultivate and view
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