Guided Reading Chapter 41.) Microscopes exposed cells and their infrastructure to biologists. Differentiate between the light microscope and the electron microscope.2.) What type of microscope would you use to study the fine details on the surface of a skin cell? The structure of organelles in the single celled organism, yeast.3.) What part of the cell provides forms a barrier between cells and their environment? a. Describe the structure of this constituent. (Does your answer cite two of the four major classes of molecules in the cell?)b. How do molecules move through this barrier?4.) Prokayotic cells differ from those of eukaryotes. How do the organelles (such as the nucleus) and ribosome’s differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?5.) What is a cell wall? Do eukaryotic cells have cell walls?6.) It is very important that antibiotics specifically target bacterial cells! List a few different targets of antibiotics in prokaryotic cells.7.) Define an organelle.8.) Study the pictures on pages 56 and 57 and highlight at least 3 differences between the animal and the plant cell.9.) What is the nucleus and why is it important for the function of all of the otherorganelles of the cell?10.)What is the function of ribosomes?a. Some ribosomes are free in the cytoplasm. Which proteins are synthesized by free ribosomes?b. Some ribosomes are bound to organelles. Which proteins are synthesized by bound ribosomes?11.) Define the following:a. Endomembrane system:b. Vesicles:c. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER):d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER):e. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER):12.) What happens in the smooth ER? Give an example of a cell that contains largeamounts of smooth ER and explain why this makes sense.13.) What happens in the rough ER? Give an example of a cell that contains large amounts of rough ER and explain why this makes sense.14.) Once a transport vesicle has been packaged with cargo (a protein!), it leaves the ER for the golgi apparatus. Why? 15.) Lysosomes are very important organelles in the cell. Predict what might happen if a cell did not contain any lysosomes. Justify your answer.16.) Define the followinga. Vacuole:b. Peroxisome:c. Mitochondria:d. Mitochondial matrix:e. Cristae: f. Chloroplasts:g. Stroma:h. Thylakoids:i. Granum:j. Microfilaments:k. Intermediate filaments:l. Microtubules:17.) Compare and contrast the mitochondria and chloroplast.18.) Do vesicles float freely to their destinations within cells? How do they get from one side of the cell to the other? 19.) What are cilia? Do your cells have cilia? If so, where and why?20.) What are flagella? Do your cells have flagella? If so, where and why?21.) In many ways, the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animals cells is similar to the cell wall of plant cells. List a few of the main components of the
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