Name __________________________________PID________________________EXAM 1 BIO101 SECTION 002HONOR CODE PLEDGE_______________________________________Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Positively ChargedNegatively ChargedGlycine Serine Lysine Aspartic AcidAlanine Threonine Arginine Glutamic AcidValine Cystine HistidineLeucine TyrosineIsoleucine AsparagineMethionine GlutaminePhenylalanineTryptophanProlineThis exam has a total of 100 points on it. Each question is worth 3 points. There is also a 1 point bonus question at the end.Please turn in ALL materials at the end of the exam, including scrap paper.1. Individuals that are lactose intolerant …A) produce lactoseB) produce lactase proteinC) express the lactase geneD) carry a mutation in their lactase geneE) none of the above are correct 2. In the lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water, but not sucrose, to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. Which of the following will occur?A) Water will leave the balloon.B) Water will enter the balloon.C) Sucrose will leave the balloon.D) Sucrose will enter the balloon.E) It is impossible to determine.3. A nerve cell releasing neurotransmitters is an example of__________________.A) Phagocytosis B) PinocytosisC) Exocytosis D) EndocytosisE) Osmosis4. A child dies following a series of chronic bacterial infections. At the autopsy, the physicians are startled to see that the child's white blood cells are loaded with vacuoles containing intact bacteria. Which of the following explanations could account for this finding?A) A defect in the Golgi apparatus prevented the cells from processing and excreting the bacteria.B) A defect in the rough endoplasmic reticulum prevented the synthesis of new lipids disrupting endocytosis of the bacteriaC) A defect in the cell walls of the white blood cells permitted bacteria to enter the cells.D) A defect in the lysosomes of the white blood cells prevented the cells from destroying engulfed bacteria.E.) None of the above are correct5. Which of the following statements about the monomers and polymers found in living organisms is FALSE?A) Cells can make a diversity of macromolecules from a relatively small set of common monomers.B) The monomers used to make polymers in a prokaryotic cell are the same monomers that are used to make polymers in a eukaryotic cell.C) Monomers serve as building blocks for polymers.D) Monomers are joined together through the consumption of a water molecule.E) Monosaccharides are the monomers of carbohydrate macromolecules.6. If you were to add oil to your food as part of a diet to lower your risk of atherosclerotic disease, you would use oil that…A) came from a palm plant.B) is hydrogenated.C) is modified to be solid at room temperature.D) is liquid at room temperature.E) is composed of saturated fat molecules7. Proteins differ from one another becauseA) the peptide bonds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein.B) the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein.C) each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules.D) the number of nucleotides found in each protein varies from molecule to molecule.E) Each amino acid has either an amino group, a carboxyl group, OR an R (variant) groupQuestions 8-10. Match the following descriptions with a term related to the process of science. This question is based on a new research article titled “The Promise of Poop.” Description Terms related to the process ofscience8. Flushing the entire colon and replacing healthy bacterial flora with an anal infusion of liquidized stool from a donor will cure patients. C 9. The opportunistic bacterium (Clostridium difficile) A) Observationinvades the colon and quickly becomes resistant to B) Questionantibiotics in patients suffering from repeated bouts C) Hypothesiswith the microbe. A D) ExperimentE) Results and Conclusions10. Four patients recovered immediately and two patients recovered after a second treatment from a second donor restoring intestinal flora to health. E11. Enzymes called glycosyltransferases add sugars to proteins. Inherited diseases, diabetes, and even cancer are associated with the inability to glycosylate proteins in cells. Where in the cell would you be most likely to find a glycosyltransferase? A) endoplasmic reticulumB) golgi apparatusC) lysosomeD) nucleusE) mitochondria12. Which of the following characteristics of a protein will remain intact if the protein is denatured with heat?A) the shape of the proteinB) the function of the proteinC) the number of amino acids in the proteinD) the binding properties of the proteinE) the hydrogen bonds that form between different amino acids13. In an experiment performed by scientists, newly synthesized protein was labeled with radioactivity and measured over time in different organelles of the cell. Radioactivity is measured in “disintegrations per minute”, or dpm.0-20min 20-40 min 40-60min 60-80minplasma membrane850 dpm 3000 dpmnucleusribosome 1850 dpm 4000 dpm 150 dpmER 500 dpm 2000 dpmgolgi 1000 dpm 2500 dpm 500 dpmlysosome 250 dpm 500 dpm 1000 dpmvesicle 250 dpm 1000 dpm 1000 dpmGiven the data presented above, which of the following statements about the radioactively labeled protein in this experiment is TRUE?A) It is cytosolic (you will find it in the cytoplasm).B) It is associated with membranesC) It is not tagged or modified D) It associates with DNAE) It is synthesized on free ribosomes14. You have a friend who lost 15lbs of fat on a diet, where did the fat go?A) It was released as CO2 and H2OB) It was converted to heat and then releasedC) It was converted to ATP and then releasedD) It was broken down into amino acids and eliminated from the bodyE) It was converted to urine and released from the body15. An immune system cell called the plasma cell produces thousands of antibodies per second for release into the body. What type of intracellular structure would you expect to bevery prominent within the cell?A) nucleusB) endoplasmic reticulumC) lysosomeD) mitochondriaE) none of the above16. The HIV virus contains enzymes called proteases. These cut the viral protein molecules down to their proper size so that they can be used to assemble new viral particles. Protease inhibitor “A” is noncompetitive and can be used to combat the virus in patients infected with HIV. Which of the
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