Chapter 10 Guided Reading Assignment on the Flow of Genetic Information(Read pages 190-199)1.) George Beadle and Edward Tatum demonstrated the relationship between genes and enzymes way back in the 1940s while they were studying mold! Why couldn’t their strains of mold grow on simple growth medium?2.) What is the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis? Is this hypothesis restricted to enzymes?3.) How has the one-gene-one hypothesis been modified over time and why?4.) Your book talks about the language of DNA. What is the language or DNA? The language of RNA?5.) When you bake cookies, you follow a recipe. Recipes provide the information that you need to make your cookies. How is a recipe similar to DNA and how are the cookies you make similar to proteins? 6.) Genes do not directly build proteins. DNA must first be transcribed to RNA. In your own words, describe transcription.7.) Did you mention RNA polymerase in your answer to question 6? If not, what is RNA polymerase?8.) Did you mention the promoter in your answer to question 6? If not what is a promoter? Is the promoter found in the DNA or in the RNA?9.) Where in the cell does transcription occur?10.)The sequence of a gene is shown below. Transcribe this gene.DNA – ATTCGGATCATCGGATC RNA- _____________________________11.) ________________________________ is the process by which RNA directs the synthesis of a protein. A triplet of RNA nucleotides is known as a _________________. These are matched with _______________________ , which are the monomers of the proteins.12.) What is the genetic code? 13.) The genetic code is universal. What does this mean?14.) Translate the RNA sequence shown below into a protein.RNA- AUGCCGUGGAUUACGUAGProtein ______________________________________________________15.) The RNA that encodes a protein is referred to specifically as mRNA. Eukaryotic mRNA contains both introns and exons before it is processed. Differentiate between introns and exons.16.) What are the adapter molecules that match amino acids to codons?17.) How does an anticodon on a tRNA molecule recognize a codon in the mRNA?18.) The ribosome is the site of protein synthesis. The mRNA meets tRNA molecules at the ribosome and amino acids are connected to one another in the growing polypeptide chain. Draw protein synthesis. 19.)How is protein synthesis initiated? In other words, what marks the start, or serves as a “cue” for the start of translation?20.) What is the role of the A site and the P site of the ribosome during protein synthesis?21.) What is a stop codon? Do these code for amino acids? 22.) How can a mutation change the meaning of a
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