Guided Reading Chapter 5Now that we have learned about the various molecules and organelles that compose the cell, we can talk about how the cell actually works! Organelles rely on various molecules to carry out cellular function. In chapter five, we apply what we learned inchapters three and four as we discover the working cell.1.) The contents of the cell are separated from the environment by the plasma membrane. Why is the plasma membrane considered a fluid mosaic?2.) Define and describe the six major functions carried out by membrane proteins.3.) Why do the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids face inward while the hydrophilic heads face outward?4.) Molecules have to move into and out of cells. Water is a major component of the cell. How does water move into the cell? Does the movement of water require energy?5.) Under what circumstances is an animal cell at equilibrium?6.) Explain how the solute concentration on the outside of a plant cell relates to the solute concentration on the inside of a turgid cell.7.) Differentiate between a hypotonic, hypertonic, and an isotonic solution.8.) Compare and contrast passive, active, and facilitated transport.9.) How do bulky molecules and proteins move into and out of the cell?10.)In chapter 3, we learned about the construction of polymers from monomers.Would this be an endergonic or and exergonic reaction? Why? 11.)The potential energy in the chemical bonds of molecules like ATP can be usedto build polymers and do work in the cell. What is ATP? a. How is ATP used to drive the transport of solutes across a membrane? The transport of an organelle across the cell? The synthesis of a molecule?12.)There is a chemical barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to occur. What is this called?13.)How does an enzyme lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to begin?14.)How does a competitive inhibitor work? A noncompetitive
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