Class DiscussionAnimal TissuesI. Major vertebrate systems1. digestive system: breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates food waste2. respiratory system: delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from all tissues3. circulatory system: exchange of gas, waste, nutrients, stabilizes pH and temperature4. reproductive system: gamete production5. urinary system: waste disposal and water balance6. nervous system: coordinate body activities7. muscular system: skeletal muscles only8. lymphatic system: collects and returns fluid lost from blood9. endocrine: hormones10. skeletal system: support and protection; cartilage and bone11. integumentary system: (skin) protects body from dehydration, injury, some pathogens, controls temp, excretion of certain wastes, receives some stimuliII. Tissues are communities of cells and intercellular substances that are interacting to carry out one or more tasks.A. Epithealial Tissue: sheets that cover body or line the inside of organs/cavities.i. Simple squamous: thin and leaky tissue. They can exchange materials easily (lungs, capillaries)ii. Simple cuboidal: single layer of cube shaped cells that functionin secretion and absorption (intestine)iii. Simple columnar: contain a large amount of cytoplasm. Function in secreting and absorbing material (small intestine)iv. Stratified squamous: multiple layers of flat, scale-like cells that provide protection against abrasion (esophagus)B. Connective Tissue: binds and supports other tissue. Consists of cells scatteredthroughout extracellular matrix.i. Loose connective tissue: loose fibers and cells in extensive ground structureii. Fibrous : densely packed with collagen fibers, attaches musclesto bone, and forms tendons.iii. Adipose : fat containing cells in sparse ground substance but surrounded by many fibers.iv. Cartilage: cells are imprisoned in a matrix with no blood vesselsupply. Offers support and resists compression.v. Bone: cells suspended in a mineralized matrix. Offers sturdy support and movement.vi. Blood: transports substances throughout the body (extracellular matix – plasma: largely water but some salts and nutrients) red blood cells: oxygen, white bloode cells: defenseC. Muscle Tissue: Complete the chart below.Structure? Function? Where?Skeletal Unbranched stiated Voluntary movements of bodyAttached to bonesCardiac branched involuntary heartSmooth Spindle-shaped Involuntary functionsWalls of digestive tractsD. Nervous Tissue: senses stimuli and rapidly transmits information.Where is nervous tissue found in your body?Brain and spineIII. Homeostasis – “steady state” A. homeostasis: refers to processes used to actively maintain stable conditions necessary for survival within the internal environment of an organism.i. For example: ph, temperature, balance water and sugarB. Negative feedback: A variable changes processes triggered to reverse changes in order to promote stability.i. List a few examples of negative feedback loops that you are familiar
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