Lecture 14Learning ObjectivesName the functions of proteinCalculate a person’s protein requirementDefine whey and casein protein and their effects on plasma protein levelsUnderstand protein quality. Describe how to complement proteins and how this is beneficial to vegetarian dietsIdentify the risks of inadequate protein intake and understand the global consequences of protein energy malnutritionKnow the MyPlate Recommendations regarding proteinDigestion of ProteinsProteins are denatured by hydrochloric acidPepsin is activated to break proteins into single amino acids and smaller polypeptidesProteases are secreted to digest polypeptides into smaller unitsCells in the wall of the small intestine complete the breakdown of all polypeptides into single amino acidsAmino acids are transported to the liver and sent to the cellsFunctions of ProteinCell growth and repairEnzymeHormonesFluid and electrolyte balanceAnti-bodiesEnergyHow much Protein should we eat?Protein NeedsRecommended dietary allowance (RDA)0.8-1g/kg body weight1.4g/kg body weight for endurance athletes/bodyToo much ProteinExcess protein from animal sourcesExcess caloriesFluid balanceToo little ProteinMuscle wastingWeight lossEdemaReduced immunityDevelopment in childrenProtein – Energy MalnutritionProtein – energy malnutrition:A disorder caused by inadequate intake of protein and energyThere are two common formsMarasmusKwashiorkorWhey ProteinPowderProtein: 11-14%Lactose: 63-75%ConcentrateProtein: 25-89%Lactose: 10-55%IsolateProtein: 90+%Lactose: 0.5%Casein vs. WheyProtein type (30g)WheyShort term higher increase in plasma amino acid(s) concentration when compared to caseinCasein7 hours late, higher concentration of amino acids when they compared to WheyProtein qualityComplete proteinIncomplete proteinComplementary proteinCompleteCasein milk protein—1.00Egg white—1.00Soy bean—0.99Beef—0.92IncompletePea flourChick peasKidney beans (canned)Pinto beansRolled oatsLentils (canned)Peanut mealWhole wheatNutrition 130 1st Edition Lecture 14 Learning Objectives- Name the functions of protein- Calculate a person’s protein requirement - Define whey and casein protein and their effects on plasma protein levels- Understand protein quality. Describe how to complement proteins and how this is beneficial to vegetarian diets- Identify the risks of inadequate protein intake and understand the global consequences of protein energy malnutrition- Know the MyPlate Recommendations regarding protein Digestion of Proteins- Proteins are denatured by hydrochloric acid- Pepsin is activated to break proteins into single amino acids and smaller polypeptides- Proteases are secreted to digest polypeptides into smaller units- Cells in the wall of the small intestine complete the breakdown of all polypeptides into single amino acids- Amino acids are transported to the liver and sent to the cells Functions of Protein- Cell growth and repair- Enzyme - Hormones - Fluid and electrolyte balance- Anti-bodies- Energy How much Protein should we eat? Protein Needs - Recommended dietary allowance (RDA)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 0.8-1g/kg body weight- 1.4g/kg body weight for endurance athletes/body Too much Protein- Excess protein from animal sources- Excess calories- Fluid balance Too little Protein- Muscle wasting- Weight loss- Edema- Reduced immunity- Development in children Protein – Energy Malnutrition- Protein – energy malnutrition:o A disorder caused by inadequate intake of protein and energy- There are two common formso Marasmuso Kwashiorkor Whey Protein- Powdero Protein: 11-14%o Lactose: 63-75%- Concentrateo Protein: 25-89%o Lactose: 10-55%- Isolateo Protein: 90+%o Lactose: 0.5% Casein vs. Whey Protein type (30g)- Wheyo Short term higher increase in plasma amino acid(s) concentration when compared to casein- Caseino 7 hours late, higher concentration of amino acids when they compared to WheyProtein quality- Complete protein - Incomplete protein - Complementary protein Complete - Casein milk protein—1.00 - Egg white—1.00 - Soy bean—0.99 - Beef—0.92 Incomplete- Pea flour- Chick peas- Kidney beans (canned)- Pinto beans- Rolled oats- Lentils (canned)- Peanut meal- Whole
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