Lecture 20Learning ObjectivesKnow what causes the formation of free radicalsKnow diseases associated with free radical changeDescribe how antioxidants help in cancer and CHD preventionIdentify the modifiable risk factors of cancerKnow dietary recommendations to reduce cancer riskIdentify which nutrients function as antioxidants and identify their functions (outside of antioxidant function) food sources and diseases of deficiencyKnow the increased needs of smokers for antioxidantsKnow benefit/risk of antioxidant supplementsFree RadicalsAtom with an extra, unpaired election forms a free radicalAre molecules that are unstableATP is the energy currency of the bodyHow Free Radicals are FormedOxidation-reduced reactions (normal cell processes)PollutionUltraviolet light and radiation (tanning)Toxic substancesFree Radical DamageCell membranes are damagedLow density lipoproteins (LDLs)Proteins in the cellGenetic material (DNA)Disease related to Free RadicalsCancerHeart DiseaseEye diseaseCataractsAge-related macularParkinson’sAntioxidantsA compound that has the ability to prevent or repair the damage caused by oxidationAntioxidant MicronutrientsVitamin EVitamin CBeta-CaroteneVitamin A (may have antioxidant properties)Copper, iron, zinc, manganeseCardiovascular diseaseAntioxidants may reduce the risk of CVD by:Preventing free radical damage (oxidation) of LDL cholesterolActing as an anticoagulant to prevent blood clotsReduce inflammationCancer developmentNormal cell initiation promotion further tumor development malignant cellsCauses initiation and Promotion:TobaccoSun exposureDietToxins (occupational exposure)Low physical activity(Antioxidants can stop initiation and promotion)Antioxidants also:Enhance immune systemInhibit growth of cancer cellsPrevent oxidative damage to cellsNutrition 130 1st EditionLecture 20 Learning Objectives- Know what causes the formation of free radicals- Know diseases associated with free radical change- Describe how antioxidants help in cancer and CHD prevention- Identify the modifiable risk factors of cancer- Know dietary recommendations to reduce cancer risk- Identify which nutrients function as antioxidants and identify their functions (outsideof antioxidant function) food sources and diseases of deficiency- Know the increased needs of smokers for antioxidants- Know benefit/risk of antioxidant supplementsFree Radicals- Atom with an extra, unpaired election forms a free radicalo Are molecules that are unstable- ATP is the energy currency of the body How Free Radicals are Formed- Oxidation-reduced reactions (normal cell processes)- Pollution - Ultraviolet light and radiation (tanning)- Toxic substances Free Radical Damage- Cell membranes are damaged- Low density lipoproteins (LDLs)- Proteins in the cell- Genetic material (DNA)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Disease related to Free Radicals- Cancer - Heart Disease- Eye diseaseo Cataractso Age-related macular- Parkinson’s Antioxidants- A compound that has the ability to prevent or repair the damage caused by oxidation Antioxidant Micronutrients- Vitamin E- Vitamin C- Beta-Carotene- Vitamin A (may have antioxidant properties) - Copper, iron, zinc, manganese Cardiovascular disease - Antioxidants may reduce the risk of CVD by:o Preventing free radical damage (oxidation) of LDL cholesterolo Acting as an anticoagulant to prevent blood clotso Reduce inflammation Cancer development- Normal cell initiation promotion further tumor development malignant cells Causes initiation and Promotion:- Tobacco- Sun exposure- Diet - Toxins (occupational exposure)- Low physical activity- (Antioxidants can stop initiation and promotion) Antioxidants also:- Enhance immune system- Inhibit growth of cancer cells- Prevent oxidative damage to
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