Lecture 24Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte BalanceLearning ObjectivesList the functions of water in our bodiesDescribe the functions of electrolytes in our bodiesIdentity the risks of over and under consumption of water and sodium and identify population most at risk for dehydrationIdentify dietary sources of sodium, esp. major sourcesKnow the recommend intake (AI) and upper limit of sodiumState the benefitsThe body is approximately 60% waterWhy do we need it?TransportationBlood volumeProtects and lubricates jointsBody organs and tissuesFluid requirementsThirst mechanismHypothalamus (command center for brain feel thirstyRisks of Over/Under ConsumptionToo muchRareDilution of sodium (hyponatremia)Athletes who replace all fluid with water (in hot weather)Too littleDehydrationVulnerable populationsElderly, infants, sick (vomiting, diarrhea)Extra care needed when:ExercisingHot temperaturesPregnancy and breastfeedingConsuming alcoholReview QuestionsList the functions of fluid in the bodyWhat are the risks of overconsumption of water? Who is at risk?What are the risks of under consumption of water? Who is at risk?ElectrolytesSubstances that disassociates in solution into positively and negatively charged ionsFunctions of ElectrolytesRegulates fluid balanceMaintain normal blood pressureNerve impulses and muscle contractionsNutrient transportNerve impulses: Na+ and K+Muscle contraction: Ca2+SodiumRecommended Intake1500 mg/day adequate intake (AI)2300 mg/day upper limit (UL)Avg. US intake3500 mg/daySources of Sodium in US food supplyFood processing – 77%Naturally occurring – 12%At the table – 6%During cooking – 5%FoodBread (1oz)Sodium content: 95-210mgCheese pizza450-1200mgWheat Chex (1 cup)267mgTomato Sauce (1 cup)741mgCanned tomatoes580mgPotato chips (20)150mgCheese (1oz)200-300mgKnow that other foods have way more sodium than potato chipsSodium consumption and HealthToo much:Hypertension (high blood pressure)Bloating (fluid retention)Too little relative to water consumption:HyponatremiaAI: 1500mgNutrition 130 1st Edition Lecture 24 Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Learning Objectives- List the functions of water in our bodies- Describe the functions of electrolytes in our bodies- Identity the risks of over and under consumption of water and sodium and identify population most at risk for dehydration- Identify dietary sources of sodium, esp. major sources- Know the recommend intake (AI) and upper limit of sodium - State the benefits The body is approximately 60% water- Why do we need it?o Transportation o Blood volumeo Protects and lubricates jointso Body organs and tissues- Fluid requirementso Thirst mechanism Hypothalamus (command center for brain feel thirsty Risks of Over/Under Consumption- Too mucho Rare o Dilution of sodium (hyponatremia)o Athletes who replace all fluid with water (in hot weather)- Too littleThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Dehydrationo Vulnerable populations Elderly, infants, sick (vomiting, diarrhea)o Extra care needed when: Exercising Hot temperatures Pregnancy and breastfeeding Consuming alcohol Review Questions- List the functions of fluid in the body- What are the risks of overconsumption of water? Who is at risk?- What are the risks of under consumption of water? Who is at risk? Electrolytes- Substances that disassociates in solution into positively and negatively charged ions Functions of Electrolytes- Regulates fluid balance- Maintain normal blood pressure- Nerve impulses and muscle contractions - Nutrient transporto Nerve impulses: Na+ and K+o Muscle contraction: Ca2+ Sodium Recommended Intake- 1500 mg/day adequate intake (AI)- 2300 mg/day upper limit (UL) Avg. US intake- 3500 mg/day Sources of Sodium in US food supply- Food processing – 77%- Naturally occurring – 12%- At the table – 6%- During cooking – 5% Food- Bread (1oz)o Sodium content: 95-210mg- Cheese pizzao 450-1200mg- Wheat Chex (1 cup)o 267mg- Tomato Sauce (1 cup)o 741mg- Canned tomatoeso 580mg- Potato chips (20)o 150mg- Cheese (1oz)o 200-300mg Know that other foods have way more sodium than potato chips Sodium consumption and Health- Too much: o Hypertension (high blood pressure)o Bloating (fluid retention)- Too little relative to water consumption:o Hyponatremia AI:
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