ADSC 2010 Lecture 34 Outline of Last Lecture I Beef Production A Cow Calf II Management A Management Factors Affecting Calf Crop Weaned B Management Factors Affecting Weaning Weight C Management Factors Affecting Annual Cow Cost Outline of Current Lecture I Stocker Background II Feedlot Finishing A Traits of Economic Importance in Feedlot a Post Weaning Gain b Feed Efficiency c Carcass Value B Economic Factors a Income b Costs III Advantages of Beef Cattle Production IV Disadvantages of Beef Cattle Production V Beef Cattle Diseases Current Lecture Need to pregnancy check the cows about 45 60 days after breeding season and market open cows I Stocker Background Main purpose to produce cheap weight gain Mainly muscle and bone growth Utilize roughages cheaper than grains Pasture crop residues silage Supplement with grain to achieve gains of to two lbs day Stockering may last 6 12 months Older cows can end up being too heavy II Calf should weigh 750 900 lbs depending on biological type Preconditioning 45 60 day period Training for feedlot Herd health is important because cattle are transported and mixed Feedlot Finishing Two types 1 Farmer Feeder smaller produce own feed 2 Commercial About 1 000 head Over Commercial Under Farmer Feeder About 250 000 head capacity largest in US Colorado Main purpose to fatten cattle and enhance quality and palatability Two sites of importance 1 Subcutaneous 2 Intramuscular Marbling Utilize primary grains Corn Soybean to attain rapid gains 10 of US cattle finished on pasture Finishing period lasts 100 200 Days Expected gain 300 600 lbs Expected rate of gain 3 5 4 5 lbs day GA is not a feedlot state little corn and no packing plants Cattle Enter Feedlot after weaning Stockering A Traits of Economic Importance in Feedlot a Post Weaning Gain growth from weaning to slaughter In breeding cattle focus on time from weaning 205D to yearling 365D b Feed Efficiency How many lbs of feed to produce a lb of gain FE and gain are correlated Both increase together c Carcass Value Yield and Quality Grade Highly heritable trains h2 x 4 0 Yield Grade Expected yield of edible product Quality Grade eating quality palatability B Economic Factors a Income Value of carcass produced by slaughter cattle Quality Grade Yield Grade Carcass Weight b Costs 1 Feeder Cattle is about 70 of cost 2 Feed Costs are about 25 of cost III IV V 3 Remainder Interest death loss vet cost Vertical coordination share cost of cattle in feedlot share profit Advantages of Beef Cattle Production 1 Convert nutrients not available for human consumption into edible product o Grass crop residue chicken litter pulp 2 Can utilize entire production of grains and roughages on farm 3 Can utilize land unsuitable for other ag Commodities 4 Small investment in facilities equipment especially cow calf 5 Small risk of loss due to animal death 6 Beef the most popular meat in the US on a boneless basis Disadvantages of Beef Cattle Production 1 High Capital investment in animals land o 300 cows at 1800 hd 500 000 o 600 acres at 2000 acre 1 200 000 2 Slow return on investment o Purchase heifer bred 18 months and sell calf 12 24 months later 3 Inefficient utilization of high cost grains in feedlot phase o 6 8 lbs of feed lbs of grain o Swine 2 3 o Poultry 1 2 o Catfish 1 1 Beef Cattle Diseases 1 Brucellosis Bang s Bacterial Brucella Abortus Zoonotic o Undulant fever in humans pig susceptible o Causes abortions on or around 15 months 2 Leptospirosis bacterial o Abortions weak calves 3 Vibrosis bacterial o Causes infertility abortions 4 Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Para Influenza IBR PI3 o Respiratory disease o Abortions 5 Blackleg Malignant Edema Enterotoxaemia o Bacterial o Clostridium o Muscle swelling fluid accumulation 6 Pink Eye bacterial Moraxella o Blindness of the cornea 7 Calf Scours bacterial viral 8 Foot Rot caused by soil bacteria summer heat o Mainly muddy environments treat by trimming and antibiotics or euthanasia
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