BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment L6 GRQs Energy and Enzymes and Cellular Respiration Reading Objectives Differentiate between kinetic and potential energy and classify chemical and thermal energy as either kinetic or potential energy Identify how the different types of energy relate to cellular respiration and photosynthesis continue to relate these topics in Lessons 7 and 8 Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis as energy reactions Explain the relationship between ATP and ADP Explain the purpose of aerobic respiration and name the inputs and outputs Describe the significance of coenzymes such as NAD in aerobic respiration Modules 5 10 12 Cells transform energy and matter as they perform work Chemical reactions either release or store energy ATP dirves cellular work by coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions 1 The two basic forms of energy are a Kinetic energy energy of motion b Potential energy energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or structure 2 Match each example below to one of these two forms you listed above K The spinning movement of a protein as protons move through its channels P The energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose K The release of heat from your body when you exercise K The sunlight that powers photosynthesis 3 Energy in the universe can be transferred or transformed but it cannot be created or destroyed 4 If energy is conserved by being transferred or transformed why is it that a living organism cannot fully recycle to use again the energy it produces During every transfer or transformation some energy becomes unavailable to do work it is converted to thermal energy random molecular motion and released as heat 5 How is burning fuel in your car or burning wood similar to how your body uses fuel How is it different Some energy in any conversion is lost to thermal energy which is expelled into the environment andno longer available for use In both burning fuel in your car and a cell using fuel a lot is lost to heat energy In both burning wood and cellular respiration the process is exergonic or releases energy into theatmospher 1 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment 6 Apply what you learned from the analogy with burning wood to describe cellular respiration in your own words Cells release energy from fuel molecules to store it in ATP However a lot of the energy escapes as heat 7 Describe energy coupling in your own words Link to the terms endergonic and exergonic in your answer Energy coupling is the use of energy released from exergonic reactions in which the reactants contain more potential energy than the products to drive endergonic reactions yielding products with more potential energy than the reactants 8 How is ATP made in cells Make sure to describe what substrates are needed and whether the reaction is endergonic or exergonic Energy released in exergonic reactions is used to generate ATP In this endergonic process a phosphate group is bonded to ADP forming ATP 9 How is ATP used in cells for energy coupling Make sure to describe whether the reaction that uses ATP is endergonic or exergonic The hydrolysis of ATP releases energy that drives endergonic reactions 10 How does phosphorylation using ATP lead to cellular work What are types of cellular work Cellular work often depends on ATP energizing molecules by phosphorylating them ATP drives the active transport of solutes across a membrane against their concentration gradients by phosphorylating transport proteins Chapter 6 Overview of Respiration Consult Chapter 5 10 16 as needed Modules 6 1 6 3 Photosynthesis and cellular respiration provide energy for life Breathing supplies O2 for use in cellular respiration and removes CO2 Cellular respiration banks energy in ATP molecules 1 How does matter cycle through an ecosystem as shown in Figure 6 1 In photosynthesis the energy of sunlight is used 2 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment to rearrange the atoms of carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O producing organic molecules and releasing oxygen O2 O2 is consumed as organic molecules are broken down to CO2 and H2O and the cell captures the energy released as ATP In cellular respiration In photosynthesis the energy of sunlight is used to rearrange the atoms of carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O producing organic molecules and releasing oxygen O2 3 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment In cellular respiration O2 is consumed as organic molecules are broken down to CO2 and H2O and the cell captures the energy released as ATP 2 What is different about how energy cycles Energy enters the ecosystem from the Sun and exits after the organisms have taken as much as they need 3 What organisms can perform cellular respiration Did any surprise you Almost all eukaryotic cells use cellular respiration to obtain energy for their cellular work I was surprised as I usually associate plant cells with photosynthesis but they also perform cellular respiration 4 Which energy transformation is unique to photosynthesis Which ones are shared between photosynthesis and cellular respiration Consider transformations between chemical thermal and light energy for your answer Photosynthesis uniquely converts light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugars Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration use thermal energy Photosynthesis uniquely converts light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugars Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration use thermal energy 5 Only 34 of the energy in glucose is captured in cellular respiration What happens to much of the energy originally stored in glucose Consider your answer in light of 4 above 4 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment The energy is converted to thermal energy and lost as heat 6 Fill out the table to compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration List the reactants Are these energy rich or energy poor C6H12O6 6O2 Energy poor C6H12O6 6O2 Energy poor 6CO2 6H2O Energy rich List the products Are these energy rich or energy poor 6CO2
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