BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment L23 GRQs The Origin of Species Reading Objectives Define conditions that lead to speciation Compare and contrast the reproductive barriers that keep species separate Describe the purpose of phylogenetic trees Explain how phylogenetic trees are constructed based on a physical traits and b molecular characteristics Draw a phylogenetic tree when given a table that indicates what characteristics are found or not found in a given list of organisms Define and identify clade branch point shared derived characteristics and shared ancestral characteristics on a phylogenetic tree Module 14 3 Reproductive barriers keep species separate 1 The Visual in 14 3 is an excellent summary of the isolating mechanisms leading to reproductive isolation List and define each type give and give an example that makes sense to you Module 14 4 In allopatric speciation geographic isolation leads to speciation 1 What does a geographical barrier do to gene flow Describe it Module 14 5 Reproductive barriers can evolve as populations diverge 1 Diane Dodd s experiments with fruit flies demonstrated what principle of evolution 2 How did she create different environments for the fruit flies and what did she find when she mixed the two different fruit fly groups together for mating Module 14 6 Sympatric speciation takes place without geographic isolation 1 How does speciation occur if there is no geographical barrier Explain in your own words BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment Modules 15 16 15 17 Shared characters are used to construct phylogenetic trees An organism s evolutionary history is documented in its genome 1 What is meant by cladistics 2 What is a clade 3 A characteristic unique to a clade is called a character 4 Work your way through the example in the book with Fig 15 16A before moving on to the next question Yes Bacteria B Bacteria A 5 Draw a phylogenetic tree of the following bacteria using the table below Trait Motile can swim Makes adhesins to attach to things Encapsulated Makes toxins Draw a phylogenetic tree here Bacteria C Yes No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Bacteria D Yes Yes Yes Yes 6 Using the phylogenetic tree you drew circle an example of a clade and a branch point Which trait s are shared derived characteristics that make the clade unique Which are shared ancestral characteristics 7 What is molecular systematics 8 What does it mean if species B and C have more similar DNA than Species A and B
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