BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment L6 GRQs Energy and Enzymes and Cellular Respiration Reading Objectives Differentiate between kinetic and potential energy and classify chemical and thermal energy as either kinetic or potential energy Identify how the different types of energy relate to cellular respiration and photosynthesis continue to relate these topics in Lessons 7 and 8 Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis as energy reactions Explain the relationship between ATP and ADP Explain the purpose of aerobic respiration and name the inputs and outputs Describe the significance of coenzymes such as NAD in aerobic respiration Modules 5 10 12 Cells transform energy and matter as they perform work Chemical reactions either release or store energy ATP dirves cellular work by coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions 1 The two basic forms of energy are a kinetic energy b potential 2 Match each example below to one of these two forms you listed above kinetic energy The spinning movement of a protein as protons move through its channels potential energy The energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose kinetic energy The release of heat from your body when you exercise potential energy The sunlight that powers photosynthesis 3 Energy in the universe can be transferred or transformed but it cannot be created or destroyed 4 If energy is conserved by being transferred or transformed why is it that a living organism cannot fully recycle to use again the energy it produces some is lost as heat which cannot be used again 5 How is burning fuel in your car or burning wood similar to how your body uses fuel How is it different both reactions involve oxygen to release energy exergonic it constantly happens in our body and only in motion in a car 6 Apply what you learned from the analogy with burning wood to describe cellular respiration in your own words cells release energy from molecules that come from the fuel to store that into ATP But a lot of energy is lost as heat 1 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment 7 Describe energy coupling in your own words Link to the terms endergonic and exergonic in your answer energy coupling is using energy that s released from exergonic reactions for endergonic reactions to use which produces products with more potential energy than the reactants 8 How is ATP made in cells Make sure to describe what substrates are needed and whether the reaction is endergonic or exergonic energy released in exergonic reactions is used to create ATP In this process a phosphate group is bonded to ADP which forms ATP 9 How is ATP used in cells for energy coupling Make sure to describe whether the reaction that uses ATP is endergonic or exergonic hydrolysis of ATP releases energy that drives endergonic reactions 10 How does phosphorylation using ATP lead to cellular work What are types of cellular work cellular work depends on ATP energizing molecules by phosphorylating them ATP is used in active transport across the membrane against the concentration gradient Chapter 6 Overview of Respiration Consult Chapter 5 10 16 as needed Modules 6 1 6 3 Photosynthesis and cellular respiration provide energy for life Breathing supplies O2 for use in cellular respiration and removes CO2 Cellular respiration banks energy in ATP molecules 1 How does matter cycle through an ecosystem as shown in Figure 6 1 In photosynthesis the energy of sunlight is used to rearrange the atoms of carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O producing organic molecules and releasing oxygen O2 In cellular respiration O2 is consumed as organic molecules are broken down to CO2 and H2O and the cell captures the energy released as ATP 2 What is different about how energy cycles energy enters the ecosystem from the sun and exists after organisms have used a sufficient amount 3 What organisms can perform cellular respiration Did any surprise you in the cells plant animals fungi and protists 4 Which energy transformation is unique to photosynthesis Which ones are shared between photosynthesis and cellular respiration Consider transformations between chemical thermal and light energy for your answer converting light energy to chemical energy in the form of glucose both of these processes involve the transformation of chemical energy into thermal energy 5 Only 34 of the energy in glucose is captured in cellular respiration What happens to much of the energy originally stored in glucose Consider your answer in light of 4 above 2 BIOL 101 Guided Reading Questions GRQs Complete and submit this GRQ as a PDF before lecture and before your online Mastering Assignment Most energy stored in glucose is lost as heat This heat energy is released into the environment instead of being reused 6 Fill out the table to compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration Photosynthesis List the reactants Are these energy rich or energy poor carbon dioxide energy poor List the products Are these energy rich or energy poor glucose o2 energy rich Cellular respiration glucose and energy energy rich carbon dioxide water atp and heat energy poor 7 Write out the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis and cellular respiration below Photosynthesis 6CO2 BREATHE OUT 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2 Cellular respiration C6H12O6 6O2 BREATHE IN 6CO2 6H2O ATP HEAT 8 Do photosynthesis and cellular respiration happen in living cells as a one step chemical reaction as represented in the overall chemical reaction above no they are multi step 9 To show the link between cellular respiration and your breathing circle in the overall chemical reaction above which molecule you breath in and which you breath out Module 6 5 Cells capture energy from electrons falling from organic fuels to oxygen 1 Define oxidation what happens to electron is something is oxidized process in which electrons are lost in something 2 Define reduction what happens to electron is something is reduced when electrons are added to something 3 Why do reduction and oxidation redox go together one substance has to lose electrons in order to gain electrons 4 What happens to the energy lost through these electron transfers the energy that is lost is transformed to heat and light 7 Co enzymes are a bit like taxi drivers in the process picking up and releasing electrons When NAD gains
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