Class Outlines Bring these to each class blank printed or on a tablet you can write on We will complete them IN class together You should also take notes on here for studying I Chemical signaling Estrogen affects expression of hundreds of different genes in different tissues and organs It targets multiple organs such as brain heart bone breast uterus and prostate In humans estrogen is associated with many diseases including osteoporosis obesity breast cancer arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer s disease 1 Draw a simple diagram comparing how estrogen can affect gene A expression in one the brain but Gene B expression in the uterus Your drawing should also illustrate what you know about how this steroid hormone lipid soluble affects cells Estrogen affecting gene A expression in the brain Estrogen affecting gene B expression in the uterus 1 Estrogen 2 Receptor Protein in target cell 3 Nucleus hormone receptor complex 4 mRNA transcription of gene A 5 cellular response activation of a gene and synthesis of a new protein 1 Estrogen 2 Slightly different receptor protein because it binds DNA at a different location 3 Nucleus hormone receptor complex 4 mRNA transcription of gene B 5 cellular response activation of a gene B and a new protein B 2 A single hormone can target cell types differently 3 What would you predict to be different at the cellular level between estrogen dependent and estrogen independent cancer Can be predicted by the presence of estrogen receptors in tumor cells the estrogen receptor protein can be detected in breast tumor biopsy Tumors that express estrogen receptors ER positive are estrogen dependent while ER negative is estrogen independent 4 If you could design a drug to prevent estrogen dependent breast cancers from growing how would you do it Class Outlines Bring these to each class blank printed or on a tablet you can write on We will complete them IN class together You should also take notes on here for studying Design a drug that binds to the estrogen receptor where estrogen would bind estrogen is blocked and signaling is disrupted Tamoxifen 5 Only cells with receptors for a specific hormone can respond to that hormone s signal II Signaling Application 1 Draw a simple picture showing a cell that has both insulin and estrogen receptors 2 Explain how the body maintains normal blood glucose level during a period of fasting Unlike estrogen insulin and glucagon are water soluble 3 Explain how the body maintains normal blood glucose level after a sugary snack III Enzymes What do enzymes do to biological molecules matter They build and break matter by lowering the activation energy required Draw Draw an enzymatic reaction and label the following active site substrate and product What is a coenzyme Are there different kinds How might they influence a reaction Coenzyme organic molecule folic acid To know if an inhibitor is competitive or non competitive you need to know what If it binds to the active site competitive or somewhere else to change the shape of the active site non competitive
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