Chapter 13 Questions Numerical Order 2 Match the organism with its correct descriptor of energy use or trophic level flounder 4 Match the organism with its correct descriptor of energy use or trophic level Sargassum Consumer Producer Herbivore Carnivore Autotroph carnivore omnivore 6 Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference anchovy 7 Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference sand star Astropecten 8 Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference diatom 9 Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference dolphin 10 Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference an organism that feeds on plants or animals 11 Match the term or phrase with its best descriptor by catch Incidental catch 13 Match the term or phrase with its best descriptor Marine Mammal Protection Act dolphins and other mammal protection 15 Match the term or phrase with its best descriptor standing stock available biomass of a target species 16 The products of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O 18 Compensation depth is the depth in the ocean where the photosynthetic rate exceeds the rate of cellular respiration 19 An overabundance of oxygen results in eutrophication False False False True True True True False True False 22 The group of marine macroscopic algae with the highest abundance and greatest geographic distribution belong to the Division Rhodophyta 23 Marine algae that grow close to the limits of light penetration have accessory photosynthetic pigments that absorb high energy short wavelength light in the blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum 25 Primary productivity is equal to the amount of photosynthesis plus the amount of respiration False 27 The amounts of carbon dioxide and available nutrients affect the rate of primary production in an ecosystem 29 Bacteria that manufacture carbohydrates in the absence of solar energy are autotrophs True 31 Primary producers herbivores and carnivores are all examples of trophic levels within a food chain or food web 32 If the total caloric content of the autotrophic organisms in a marine ecosystem were 250 000 kilocalories kcal then the expected caloric value for the trophic level consumers at the second level would be 2 500 kcal 33 The distinction between a food chain and a food web is that a food chain describes a linear relationship among trophic levels whereas a food web describes the interconnected relationships among trophic structures in nature 34 The standing stock of a population is the maximum number or biomass of individuals that can be removed sustainably 38 In general the rate at which energy is stored by organisms through the formation of organic matter is called primary productivity 40 The depth at which the cellular respiration rate equals the photosynthetic rate is referred to as the compensation depth for photosynthesis 41 The most abundant marine macroscopic algae are members of the Division 44 Important marine autotrophs that have silica incorporated into their cell walls are 45 Marine seed bearing plants include all the following except 47 The percentage of euphotic zone biomass that reaches the deep ocean floor is approximately Rhodophyta Diatoms Ulva 1 48 The relative productivity in the world s oceans from most productive to least productive is temperate waters polar waters tropical waters 50 Productivity in polar oceans is light limited 52 Although primary productivity in tropical areas is generally low which of the following tropical locations have unusually high primary productivity rates Check all that apply All the above tropical areas have relatively high primary productivity 55 Nutrient flow in an ecosystem is 57 The efficiency of trophic transfers in ecosystems is on average around Cyclical 10 59 The area of the ocean that produces the largest standing stock of commercial fish is in the Nontropical shelf areas 61 The maximum sustainable yield MSY is best defined as largest catch that can be taken without overfishing 62 Catches above the maximum sustainable yield result in overfishing 64 All the following are challenges to managing fisheries except All the above are correct Concept Check Questions in order of appearance Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 1 Of the following nutrients which is are used in photosynthetic primary productivity by phytoplankton Iron Phosphates Nitrates Silica Chapter 13 Concept Check Question 2 Mass mortality events of marine mammals and birds may occur after ingesting prey items that contain algal toxins What organism that can cause harmful algal blooms should humans be concerned about if animals in the area are having seizures and exhibiting erratic drunken like behavior pseudo nitzschia because it causes amnesic shellfish poisoning Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 2 Of the following types of organisms which are examples of microscopic algae Coccolithophores Diatoms Dinoflagellates Chapter 13 Concept Check Question 3 The average rate of primary production in the open ocean is 125 gC m2 yr In the most productive ecosystems such as algal beds and coral reefs the average production is 2000 gC m2 yr How many years would it take to accumulate 2000 gC m2 on the deep sea floor in the open ocean 1600 years Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 5 Of the following locations which is are exceptions to the general rule that productivity is steady and low in tropical regions equatorial upwelling coral reefs coastal upwelling Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 6 Of the following statements about oceanic productivity which is are true In middle latitude oceans the fall bloom is limited by the lack of sunlight In tropical oceans productivity is limited year round by the lack of nutrients In middle latitude oceans the spring bloom is limited by the lack of nutrients Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 7 Of the following locations where would you expect to find the HIGHEST annual oceanic productivity Select only one answer in middle latitude waters along a continental margin Chapter 13 Understanding the Concepts 4 Of the following statements about oceanic productivity in polar regions which is are true In polar oceans nutrient concentrations are usually adequate and do NOT limit productivity In polar oceans there is incredibly high productivity in the summertime In polar oceans productivity is
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