2 11 14 How does the earth s rotation affect the wind A Makes it stronger B Makes it weaker C Modifies it s direction D None of the above Wind belts that blow from east to west over most of the areas between 30 north and 30 south are called A Westerlies B Polar Easterlies C Trade Winds D Horse Latitudes E Doldrums A south east wind blows in which direction A South east B North east C South west D North west E None of the above The Coriolis effect arises primarily from the A Curvature of earth s surface B Rotation of earth around its axis C Rotation of earth around the sun D Effect of winds high in the atmosphere E Motion of the oceans in their basins The Coriolis effect A Deflects to the right in the northern hemisphere B Deflects to the left in the Southern Hemisphere C Has no effect at the equator D All of the above are correct E None of the above are correct What causes the summer monsoon season in the Indian Ocean A Warm ocean currents flow north bringing warm water B Ocean warms up faster in the summer transferring heat to the atmosphere C The land warms up more during summer creating low pressure overland so strong monsoon winds result going from the ocean to land D The Walker Cell brings warm high pressure air over the Indian Ocean resulting in heavy summer rains A local shore wind controlled only by daily temperature variation between land and water will blow during the night A 45 degrees to the right B Parallel to the shore C Onshore D Offshore E 45 Degrees to the left Hurricanes derive their energy from pressure zones in the latitudes A High tropical B Low tropical C High mid D Low mid E None of these are correct A storm surge is due to the A Low atmospheric pressure at a storm s center B Strong offshore winds C Strong winds creating a surface flow toward the shore D High atmospheric pressure at storms center E Both A and C What causes El Ni o A Warm air is brought from land due to differential heating and results in increased ocean temperatures B The subtropical gyre intensifies increasing ocean temperatures in the equator C The amount of heating from solar radiation increases in the equator leading to warm ocean temperatures D Southeast trade winds weaken and the warm pool on the west pacific spreads east 2 13 14 A rapid change in temperature with depth is called a A Halocline B Thermocline C Photic Level D Midwater current E Pycnocline The isothermal surface layer maintained by turbulence caused by waves and wind is called what A Euphotic Layer B Turbulent Layer C Mixed Layer D Current Layer E None of the above Which of the following will increase the density of water A Increasing salinity B Decreasing salinity C Increasing temperature D Decreasing temperature E Both A and D Differences in water temperature and salinity causes differences in water density and can set water masses in motion What is this called A Geostrophic Flow B Surface currents C Ekman transport D Thermohaline circulation E None of the above What term refers to a water layer with constant density A Isothermal B Isopycnal C Isohaline D All of the above What is a water mass A A large body of water with similar values of temperature but different salinities B A large body of water with similar values of salinity but different temperatures C A large body of water with similar values of both salinity and temperature D None of the above In the Southern Hemisphere what will be the direction of the surface water due to wind A 90 right B 45 right C 90 left D 45 left E Same direction as the wind What drives and shapes the major ocean gyres A Trade winds B Westerlies C Coriolis effect D Land mass E All of the above Geostrophic flow occurs when A The Coriolis effect is greater than the force of gravity acting downslope from the middle of a gyre B The Coriolis effect is less than the force of gravity acting downslope from the middle of a gyre C The Coriolis effect is equal to the force of gravity acting downslope from the middle of a gyre D None of the above 2 18 14 Currents are more intense on the side of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans A Northern B Southern C Eastern D Western A zone of surface divergence is an area of and biological productivity A Upwelling high B Upwelling low C Downwelling high D Downwelling low E No vertical motion average Which current flows south along the west coast of the US A North Pacific B California C Japanese D Gulf Stream E Kurshio How does the Antarctic Circumpolar Current flow all the way around Antarctica A The current is so strong that the Coriolis effect cannot make it turn B The current is so close to the south pole so the magnetic field helps it flow all the way around C There are no land masses to block its flow therefor the Westerlies power it all the way around D Water is so cold in the Antarctic that it enters Thermohaline circulation all the way around Wind driven surface currents move at a speed that is the average driving wind speed A The same as B One tenth C One one hundredth D Twice E None of these are correct there is no relationship What measurements are necessary to define a current A Speed B Viscosity C Direction D Speed and viscosity E Speed and direction gggg What is it called when surface waters are driven together A Upwelling B Downwelling C Divergence D Convergence E None of the above What instrument can be used to measure currents A Drift bottles B Current meters C Doppler Meter D All of the above 2 20 14 The figure below shows different parts of a wave Which one is the wavelength A A B B C C D D E None of the above How can you calculate wave speed A Wavelength wave depth B Wavelength 2 C Wavelength period D None of the above What are deep water waves A Waves where the depth is greater than the wave base B Waves where the depth is between 1 20 and the wavenegth C Waves where the depth is less than 1 20 of the wavelength D None of the above The speed of a shallow water wave depends on what A Wavelength B Wave height C Depth D Period E Both A and C If you were a submarine commander and wanted to go deep enough that your ship would not feel the effect of a storm wave that has a 200 meter wavelength how deep would you have to dive A Just beneath the surface B At least 200 m C At least 50 m D At least 100m E You would feel the waves all the way to the bottom no matter …
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