Quiz Q s 1 Icebergs are formed when Ice breaks off from coastal glaciers that reach the sea 2 The Most abundant gas in the atmosphere is Nitrogen 3 What causes the greenhouse effect When sunlight hits the earths surface it is reradiated as infrared en ergy which is absorbed by atmospheric gases warming up the earth 4 How and Why does temperature vary with altitude within the tropho sphere Temperature decreases as you go higher because most heat gained in this layer comes from the earths surface 5 Where is solar radiation per unit area the greatest 6 What protects the earths surface from ultraviolet radiation 7 Earths surface winds are caused by air moving from a region of Ozone to a region of High pressure low pressure 8 Which of the following is considered a greenhouse gas Carbon dioxide carbon dioxide is the only greenhouse gas 9 How does the Earths rotation affect the wind Modifies its direction 10 A south east wind blows in which direction North West 11 The Coriolis effect arises primarily from the Rotation of earth around the axis 12 The Coriolis Effect Deflects to the right in the northern hemisphere deflects to the left in the southern hemisphere has no effect on the equator 13 What causes the summer monsoon season in the indian Ocean The land warms up more during the summer creating low pressure overland so strong monsoon winds result going from the ocean to land 14 A local shore wind controlled only by daily temperature variation be tween land and water will blow during the night offshore 15 Hurricanes derive their energy from pressure zones in the latitudes Low Tropical 16 A storm Surge is due to the Low atmospheric pressure at a storms center Strong winds creating a surface flow toward the shore 17 What causes El Nino South East trade winds weaken and the warm pool on the west pacific spreads east 18 What will increase the density of water Both decreasing temperature and increasing salinity 19 A rapid change in temperature with depth is called a 20 The Isothermal surface layer maintained by turbulance caused by waves and Thermocline wind is called what Mixed Layer 21 Differences in water temperature and salinity causes differences in water density and can set water masses in motion What is this called Thermohaline circulation 22 What term refers to a water layer with constant density 23 what has effect on ocean gyres Isopycnal trade winds coriolis effect 24 langmuir cells currents found in indian ocean south west agullas eddies Downwelling 26 What is a mater mass 25 What is the process that transports oxygen rich surface water to depth A large body of water with similar values of both salinity and temperature 27 In the Northern hemisphere what will be the mean direction and flow of the water column due to Ekman transport 90 degrees to the right 28 In the Southern hemisphere what will be the direction of the surface water due to this wind 45 degrees to the left 29 Geostrophic flow occurs when The Coriolis effect is equal to the force of gravity acting downslope from the middle of a gyre 30 Currents are more intense on the side of the North Pacific and North 31 A zone of surface divergence is an area of and biological pro Atlantic Oceans Western ductivity Upwelling high California 32 Which current flow south along the west coast of the U S 33 How does the Antartic circumpolar current flow all the way around Antartica There are no land masses to block its flow therefore the Westerlies power it the way around all 34 Wind driven surface currents move at a speed that is the average driv ing wind speed One one hundredth speed and direction 36 Eddies 35 What measurements are necessary to define a current Persist for long periods of time mix water lose energy to turbulence and friction sir up bottom sediments 37 Where does water sink and enter the Great Ocean Conveyer Belt North Atlantic and Antartic 38 What is it called when surface waters are driven together convergence 39 What instrument can be used to measure currents Drift bottles 40 Know where wavelength is located on chart 41 How can you calculate wave speed Wavelength period 42 What are deep water waves Waves were the depth is greater than the wave base 43 The speed of a shallow water wave depends on what Depth 44 If you were a submarine commander and wanted to go deep enough that your ship would not feel the effect of a storm wave that has 200 meter wave length how deep would you have to dive at least 100M 45 A group of waves is propagated at a speed that is the speed of the indi vidual waves in deep water One half 46 The average energy of a wave is related to the square of its 47 Wave height of wind generated waves depends on windspeed duration and fetch 48 A water wave reaches an unstable breaking point when the steepness ratio height H L reaches 1 7 49 What happens when waves approach each other in phase The waves will combine resulting in a larger wave 50 Why do breakers form as waves approach shallow water Orbital motion is slowed and compressed vertically and particles at the crest move faster than those closer to the bottom 51 Wave refraction is explained by which of the following The bending of waves in shallow water 52 Water protected from direct wave influence behind a breakwater can be placed in motion by wave Diffraction 53 Water refraction results in Wave energy decreasing in bays and Wave energy focusing on headlands 54 What kind of breaker will form in a steep beach slope 55 Standing waves that occur in natural basins are called what Plunger Seiches 56 Why do Tsunami waves always behave as shallow water waves Because of their extremely long wave length the ocean is not deep enough for a tsunami to be anything but a shallow water wave 57 Tsunamis can result from which of the following Volcanic eruptions Large meteor impacts Submarine landslides Earth quakes 58 Waves Occurring at the interface between water layers of different density such as seawater and fresh water are called Internal waves 59 In a standing wave the positions where there is maximum vertical motion are called Antinodes 60 If the earth were made up of only water where would you expect to find the strongest tidal forces At two points directly beneath and opposite the moon 61 What happens to a tide when the moon and the Sun are on the Same side of the Earth You get a spring Tide 62 If a point on the coast experiences a diurnal tide what does the daily tide record show 63 What type of pattern is shown in the following graph C Mixed What
View Full Document
Unlocking...