Oceanography Exam 3 Questions1. What are Eukarya, Archaea and Bacteria?a. The 3 kingdoms of lifeb. The 3 domains of lifec. The 3 types of planktond. None of the above2. In photosynthesis, what three things must come together to produce sugar and oxygen?a. Light, hydrogen and carbon dioxideb. Chemical energy, water and oxygen c. Thermal Energy, water and carbon dioxide d. Light, water and carbon dioxidee. Chemical energy, water and carbon dioxide3. What is chemosynthesis?a. The biological process that uses light energy to make organic matterb. The biological process that uses pH to produce carbohydrates for growthc. The biological process that uses chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide to combine water, carbon dioxide and oxygen into carbohydratesd. An illegal and dangerous process that happens in meth labs4. What is an autotrophic organism?a. It is a type of bacterioplanktonb. An organism that needs to consume organic matter to survivec. An organism that can make organic matter through photosynthesis or chemosynthesisd. None of the abovef5. What type of organism floats around the ocean?a. Planktonb. Nektonc. Bithosd. Both A and Ce. None of the above6. How does light change with depth?a. As depth increase, light also increasesb. As depth increase, light decreases slowlyc. As depth increases, light decreases exponentiallyd. None of the above7. Which color of the visible spectrum can penetrate the deepest in the ocean?a. Redb. Greenc. Violetd. Bluee. All of them are correct8. Some organisms can generate light by themselves, this ability is called what?a. Fluorescenceb. Biolightingc. Bioluminescenced. None of the above9. A poikilotherm is an organism that does what?a. Can withstand extremely cold temperaturesb. Cannot withstand extremely cold temperaturesc. Can regulate their body temperatured. Cannot regulate their body temperaturee. None of the above10. What is the difference between a homeotherm and an endotherm?a. Both can regulate their body temperature but endotherms are better at it b. Both can regulate their body temperature but homeotherms as better at it c. Homeotherms can regulate their body temperature but endotherms cannotd. Endotherms can regulate their body temperature but homeotherms cannote. None of the above11. What is osmosis?a. Diffusion of salt across a membraneb. Diffusion of nutrients across a membranec. Diffusion of water across a membraned. All of the above12. What strategies or methods help an organism float?a. Becoming smaller to increase surface area to volume raiob. Gas filled chambersc. Oil Storaged. A and B onlye. All A, B and C help an organism float13. The following pattern describes the concentration of what? In the ocean, concentrations are high at the surface then decrease as you go deeper due to respiration, reaching a minimum zone, after which concentrations increase again. a. Nutrientsb. Carbon dioxidec. Oxygend. B and C onlye. All of the above14. What is the name of the zone that includes coastal waters?a. Neriticb. Oceanicc. Abyssald. Benthice. Epipelagic15. The ocean environmental zone having low temperature, no light, and grate pressure is the __________ zone.a. Neritic b. Photicc. Abyssal d. Benthice. Littoral16. In the ocean, free-floating organisms that are autotrophic are called what?a. Algaeb. Plantsc. Phytoplanktond. Zooplanktone. None of the above17. Plankton are organisms that float. Why is a copepod, which can swim and propel itself through the water, classified as plankton?a. It lives at the surface of the ocean where plankton liveb. It was classified as a plankton before it was known that copepods are swimmersc. It has a swim bladder that keeps it from sinking, so it is a floaterd. It spends part of its life floating and part swimming, so it is classified as plankton because of the floating parte. Because of its small size, it cannot swim very fast or very far, so its location is determined by currents18. What organism is responsible for the vast majority of Harmful Algai blooms?a. Red Algaeb. Green Algaec. Diatomsd. Dinoflagellates e. Non of the above19. What is meroplankton?a. Organisms that spend their whole life cycle as planktonb. Organisms that spend part of their life cycle as nektonc. Organisms that only spend part of their life cycle as planktond. None of the above20. Which of the following are phytoplankton?a. Diatomsb. Dinoflagellatesc. Euphausidsd. A and B onlye. All of the above21. What is the name of the processes that convert dissolved organic matter into biomass that can be consumed by other organisms?a. Biological pumpb. Chemosynthesisc. The microbial loop d. None of the above22. What is the difference between gross productivity and net productivity?a. Net productivity is the amount of organic material from photo synthesizers that can be caught in a netb. Net productivity is the amount of organic carbon created by photosynthesis per unit of time and gross productivity is the net minus the amount of organic carbon consumed by the photosynthesizes.c. Gross productivity is the total amount of organic carbon produced during a day, but net productivity is the amount left over after predation by grazing organismsd. Gross productivity is the amount of organic matter created in a unit time and net productivity e. Gross productivity is all the organic carbon generated by photo synthesizers whileNet productivity is the organic carbon leftover after subtracting the organic carbon used in their cellular respiration. 23. In the dark-light bottle experiment, one of the following is measured in the dark bottle.a. Photosynthesisb. Respirationc. Decompositiond. Photosynthesis plus respiratione. Chlorophyll concentration24. What processes does phytoplankton biomass depend on?a. Growth and reproductionb. Death and grazingc. Boat A and Bd. None of the above25. When referring to phytoplankton biomass what is top-down control?a. Light from the surface controls how fast phytoplankton can growb. Nutrients at the surface controls how fast phytoplankton can growc. Grazing by heterotrophic consumers controls the amount of phytoplankton biomass that can accumulated. All of the above26. What is the term used to describe a single sequence of organisms through which energy is transferred?a. Food webb. Circle of lifec. Food chaind. Energy efficiency27. What is trophic efficiency?a. The total amount of energy used by photosynthesisb. The percent of phytoplankton consumed by zooplanktonc. The percent of energy passed to the next higher tropic
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