Chapter 5 o Non interactive Chapter Questions in NUMERICAL order 2 Match the term with the appropriate phrase bonds that involve the sharing of electrons between atoms 3 Match the term with the appropriate phrase basic building blocks of all matter 8 Match the term with the appropriate phrase change in state from liquid to gas Covalent bonds Atoms Evaporation pycnocline halocline 9 Match the term with the appropriate phrase layer of the ocean that experiences a rapid change in density with depth 10 Match the term with the appropriate phrase layer of the ocean that experiences a rapid change in salinity with depth 12 Match the term with the appropriate phrase high temperature increases seawater salinity 13 Match the term with the appropriate phrase Precipitation decreases seawater salinity 14 Match the term with the appropriate phrase river input decreases seawater salinity 15 Match the term with the appropriate phrase sea ice formation increases seawater salinity 18 Water molecules exhibit strong cohesion 21 Water is one of the few substances that exists naturally on Earth in all three states of matter ice water and water vapor 23 The heat capacity of liquid water is 1 calorie per gram per degree C 24 The latent heat of vaporization of water is larger than the latent heat of melting 25 Greater temperature fluctuations are seen in coastal areas due to the marine effect 26 Salinity refers to all of the solid materials in seawater including dissolved and suspended substances 27 Except for the water itself the chloride ion is the most abundant constituent in seawater 28 Independent of the actual salinity the ratios or proportions of the major dissolved constituents of seawater such as chloride sodium and magnesium are relatively constant True True True True False False True True True False True False True False False 29 Chlorinity which is the weight of the chloride ion of a water sample can be used to calculate salinity 30 The density of seawater is slightly lower than the density pure water 33 As a whole the pH of the ocean is slightly alkaline 35 At high latitudes abundant precipitation and runoff from melting of freshwater icebergs both increase salinity 36 The density of seawater is affected by salinity and temperature 37 Processes that decrease seawater salinity include evaporation and sea ice formation 38 In distillation saltwater is highly pressurized to drive water molecules through a membrane to remove salts 42 The surface tension of water is relatively high high surface tension 43 Water can pile up a short distance above a container s rim due to 44 The amount of energy that is necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree C is the definition of 45 The states of matter in which water exists is primarily determined by calorie temperature 47 Which property of water causes coastal communities to have only moderate differences in daily highs and lows when compared to inland communities high heat capacity 48 A beaker contains a mixture of ice and pure liquid water at 0oC What happens to the temperature of the liquid water as heat is added It remains constant until the ice melts and then it begins to rise 49 In comparison to most other liquids the heat capacity of liquid water is higher than other liquids 51 The Principle of Constant Proportions states that the relative concentrations of the major ions in seawater does not change 54 All the following processes decrease seawater salinity except 55 All the following statements regarding pH are true except As a whole the pH of the ocean is slightly acidic 58 A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the evaporation Thermocline 59 A layer in the ocean where a rapid change in ocean density occurs with a change in depth is called a pycnocline 62 Examine the five words and or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words phrases Please identify the word and or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern Enter only the letter of the answer caps no period and not the full entry in the field below D hydrogen ion 64 Examine the five words and or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words phrases Please identify the word and or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern Enter only the letter of the answer caps no period and not the full entry in the field below E distillation 65 Examine the five words and or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words phrases Please identify the word and or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern Enter only the letter of the answer caps no period and not the full entry in the field below C pycnocline o Understanding the Concepts Questions Chapter 5 Concept Check Question 1 Why do ionic compounds dissolve readily in water The electrostatic attraction between ions is weakened by the polarity of water Chapter 5 Understanding the Concepts 1 Of the following properties of water which is are caused by the unusual geometry of water molecules Water molecules form hydrogen bonds Water has the ability to dissolve just about anything Water has cohesion and surface tension Water molecules have polarity Snowflakes form six sided crystals Chapter 5 Understanding the Concepts 2 Of the following statements about water s latent heat and changes in state which is are true In the vapor state there are no weak hydrogen bonds between water molecules When water evaporates its latent heat of evaporation absorbs heat When water vapor condenses and forms a liquid its latent heat of condensation releases heat to the environment this is what powers hurricanes Latent heat allows water to transfer energy from one place to another In the solid state all water molecules are connected by weak hydrogen bonds Chapter 5 Understanding the Concepts 3 Of the following statements about the density of freshwater and the formation of ice which is are true Ice is less dense than liquid water which is why ice floats Water s maximum density is at 4 C As the temperature of water decreases from 4 C to 0 C its density decreases Water at 2 C is less dense than it is at 4 C Chapter 5 Concept Check Question 4 Which process in the hydrologic cycle is most effective at increasing ocean salinity on a global scale Chapter 5 Understanding the Concepts 5 Which of the following techniques can be used to measure the salinity of seawater Evaporate the water sample and weigh the amount of solids that precipitate Evaporation out Pass electrical current through the
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