The surface tension of water is relatively high The principal reason that oil and water do not mix even when shaken is that oil molecules are nonpolar whereas water molecules are polar Liquid liquid water The state of matter in which water is densest Gas water vapor The state of matter in which water molecules are most energetic Gas water vapor The state of matter in which water is compressible Gas water vapor The state of matter of steam rising from a hot cup of coffee Solid ice The state of matter in which water molecules vibrate about fixed locations Solid ice The state of matter of frost on grass Examine the accompanying table Can you calculate how much less water is contained in saturated air at a polar location with a temperature of 10 C when compared to a tropical location with a temperature of 40 C 45 grams The amount of energy that is necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree C is the definition of Calorie Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a Change in state A beaker contains a mixture of ice and pure liquid water at 0oC What happens to the temperature of the liquid water as heat is added It remains constant until the ice melts and then it begins to rise Of the following statements about water s latent heat and changes in state which is are true All of them except In all three states of matter there are no strong covalent bonds The average salinity of typical seawater is 3 5 Identify the word and or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern A Sodium ion B Calcium ion C Potassium ion D Hydrogen ion E Magnesium ion Which is the most abundant ion in seawater Chloride Of the following statements about seawater salinity which is are true The two most common dissolved components in seawater are sodium and chloride only option that starts with the Seawater salinity averages 3 5 both options with Seawater salinity averages 35 Which process in the hydrologic cycle is most effective at increasing ocean salinity on a global scale Evaporation All the following processes decrease the salinity of water except Evaporation All the following processes decrease seawater salinity except Evaporation Of the following processes which INCREASES the salinity of seawater Evaporation The formation of sea ice only option that starts with the Imagine you are swimming in the open ocean at a location near the equator Based on the following data can you determine how deep you would need to dive to reach a water temperature of 19 C 550 meters The ion in sea water that serves as a buffer is HCO3 The pH of surface seawater usually has a value of around 8 0 That means the water is slightly basic or alkaline In regions with low rates of precipitation and high rates of evaporation the halocline will decrease in salinity with depth Match the term with the appropriate phrase layer of the ocean that experiences a rapid change in salinity with depth halocline We would expect the salinity of surface waters to be higher in regions where evaporation is much greater than precipitation Of the following statements about seawater properties in high and low latitudes which is are true There is a thermocline in low latitudes There is a halocline in low latitudes There is a halocline in high latitudes There is a pycnocline in low latitudes Not There is a thermocline in high latitudes There is a pycnocline in high latitudes A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the Thermocline identify the word and or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern A Temperature B Salinity C Thermocline D Pycnocline E Distillation Imagine a researcher aboard an oceanographic vessel collects a sample from the water column extending from the surface to 3000 meters deep Analysis of the sample shows it is isopycnal Which of the following statements correctly define what this means and why Select all that apply All except Isopycnal means this sample of the water column has constant temperature throughout its depth only one that doesn t start with the this Which method of desalination is the most cost effective but least efficient Solar humidification All the following are methods used to desalinate water except Osmosis The primary difficulty that must be overcome in the use of desalination plants to provide fresh water is the high cost of energy involved If you were an explorer stranded in the Arctic Ocean what method s could you use for creating fresh drinking water All except Melt recently frozen seawater only one that starts with melt Match the term with the appropriate phrase bonds that involve the sharing of electrons between atoms covalent bonds Match the term with the appropriate phrase charged atoms due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons ions Match the term with the appropriate phrase change in state from solid to gas sublimation Match the term with the appropriate phrase change in state from liquid to gas evaporation Match the term with the appropriate phrase high temperature increases seawater salinity Match the term with the appropriate phrase river input decreases seawater salinity C Hydrogen atom E Negatively charged side of the water molecule D Positively charged side of the water molecule A Hydrogen bond B Oxygen atom A Vaporization evaporation boiling C Condensation B Melting D Freezing B Solid A Liquid C Gas F Potassium D Calcium B Sodium E Magnesium C Chloride A Sulfate E Smaller amount of evaporation including transpiration A Greatest amount of evaporation B Greatest amount of precipitation C Smaller amount of precipitation D Runoff F Infiltration D Curve for low latitudes A Thermocline B Mixed layer E Curve for high latitudes C Layer with the highest density The Sun reaches its most northerly point in the sky directly overhead along the Tropic of Cancer during the Summer solstice The average albedo of Earth s surface is about 30 The percentage of solar radiation reflected from the surface of Earth back into space is known as the Albedo In Part A you examined the electromagnetic spectrum Consider how the absorption would be different if the electromagnetic spectrum absorption capability were flipped in such a way that the areas of the chart that are now transparent were made opaque and the areas of the chart that are now opaque were made transparent Indicate which of the following statements would be true for this scenario Select all that apply Increased exposure to UV radiation Only one that starts with increased Humans would be
View Full Document
Unlocking...