03 02 2014 iClicker quiz Q A OCE1001 spring 2014 Exam 2 The questions are in black and answers are in red For some of the questions I just made them into sentences so it would make sense instead of multiple choice options Icebergs are formed when ice breaks off from coastal glaciers that reach the sea What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere Nitrogren What causes the green house effect When sunlight hits the Earth s surface it is reradiated as infrared energy which is absorbed by atmospheric gases warming up the earth How and why does temperature vary with altitude within the troposphere Temperature decreases as you go higher because most heat gained in this layer comes from the Earth s surface Where is solar radiation per unit area the greatest In which direction will air travel in the following convection cell Point A Point B above High Pressure Cool Air Low Pressure Warm Air Earth s surface At the surface from Point A to B and above from Point B to Point A The gain and losses of solar energy on Earth are known as Earth s heat Which of the following protects the Earth s surface from ultraviolet budget radiation Ozone Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere Nitrogen Which of the following is considered a green house gas Carbon dioxide How does the Earth s rotation affect the wind Modifies its direction Wind belts that blow from East to West over most of the areas between 30 N and 30 S are called Trade winds A south east wind blows in which direction North west The Coriolis effect arises primarily from the rotation of Earth around its axis The Coriolis effect Deflects to the right in the Northern Hemisphere Deflects to the left in the Southern Hemisphere Has no effect at the equator What causes the summer monsoon season in the Indian Ocean The land warms up more during summer creating low pressure overland so strong monsoon winds result going from the ocean to land A local shore wind controlled by only daily temperature variation between land and wahe ter will blow offshore during the night Hurricanes derive their energy from low pressure zones in the tropical latitudes A storm surge is due to the low atmospheric pressure at a storm s center and strong winds creating a surface flow toward the shore What causes El Nino South east trade winds weaken and the warm pool on the west Pacific spreads east A rapid change in temperature with depth is called a thermocline The isothermal surface layer maintained by turbulence caused by waves and wind is called what Mixed layer What increases the density of water Increasing salinity and decreasing temperature Differences in water temperature and salinity causes differences in water density and can set water masses in motion What is this called Thermohaline circulation What term refers to a water layer with constant density Isopychal Currents are more intense on the western side of the north pacific and north atlantic oceans productivity A zone of surface divergence us an area of upwelling and high biological Which current flows south along the west coast of the U S California How does the Antarctic circumpolar current flow all the way around Antarctica The are no land masses to block its flow therefore the westerlies power it all the way around Wind driven surface currents move at a speed that is one one hundredth the average driving wind speed What measurements are necessary to define a current Speed and direction Eddies Persist for long periods of time Mix water Lose energy to turbulence and friction Stir up bottom sediments Where does water sink and enter the Great Ocean conveyor belt North atlantic and Antarctic What is it called when surface waters are driven together Convergence What instrument s can be used to measure currents Drift bottles Current meters Doppler meter The figure below shows different parts of a wave Which one is the What are deep water waves Waves where the depth is greater than the wavelength wave base The speed of a shallow water wave depends on what Depth If you were a submarine commander and wanted to go deep enough that your ship would not feel the effect of a storm wave that has 200 meter wavelength how deep would you have to dive At least 100m A group of waves is propagated at a speed that is one half the speed of the individual waves in deep water The average energy of a wave is related to the square of its height Wave height of wind generated waves depend on windspeed and duration A water wave reaches an unstable breaking point when the steepness ratio and fetch H L reaches 1 7 What happens when waves approach each other in phase The waves will combine resulting in a larger wave Why do breakers form as waves approach shallow water Orbital motion is slowed and compressed vertically and particles at the crest move faster than those closer to the bottom Wave refraction is explained by which of the following The bending of waves in shallow Water protected from direct wave influence behind a break water can be placed in motion by wave diffraction Wave refraction results in wave energy decreasing in bays and wave energy focusing on headlands What kind of breaker will form in a steep beach slope Plunger Standing waves that occur in natural basins are called what Seiches Why do tsunami waves always behave as shallow water waves Because of their extremely long wavelength the ocean is not deep enough for a tsunami to be anything but a shallow water wave Tsunamis can result from what Earthquakes Submarine landslides Large meteor impacts Volcanic eruptions Waves occurring at the interface between water layers of different density such as seawater and fresh water are called internal waves In a standing wave the positions where there is maximum vertical motion are called antinodes If the earth were made up of only water where would you expect to find the strongest tidal forces At two points directly beneath and opposite the moon What happens to a tide when the Moon and the Sun are on the same side of the earth You get a spring tide For these last 3 iClicker questions use the diagram below to see what the graphs would look like If a point on the coast experiences a semidiurnal tide what does the daily tide record show The second example What type of tidal pattern is shown in the following graph the third What type of tidal pattern is shown in the following graph the first graph graph Mixed Diurnal EXTRA Hey guys As mentioned my boyfriend took OCE1001 with Diego Figueroa in Spring 2013 and these are the
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