Exam 3 Study Guide iclicker Questions Chapter 10 October 17th In winter sand from some beaches disappears Where does it go Waves move sand to deeper water building up the longshore bar In some beaches the backwash from a breaking wave is channeled through narrow passages creating a strong current back out to sea What is this called Rip current Which of the following can be used to classify beaches Composition of beach materials and color Both A and C In a jetty sand is deposited where On the up current side of the jetty A body of water on the coast where freshwater and salt water mix is called what Estuary Chapter 11 part one October 22nd What are eukarya archaea and bacteria The 3 domains of life In photosynthesis what 3 things must come together to produce sugar and oxygen Light water and carbon dioxide What is chemosynthesis The biological process that uses chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide to combine water carbon dioxide and oxygen into carbohydrates What is an autotrophic organism An organism that can make organic matter through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis Organisms that float and cannot swim against a current are called what Plankton How does light change with depth As depth increases light decreases exponentially Which color of the visible spectrum can penetrate the deepest in the ocean Blue Some organisms can generate light by themselves this ability is called what Bioluminescence A poikilotherm is an organism that does what Cannot regulate their body temperature What is the difference between a homeotherm and an endotherm both can regulate body temperature but homeotherms are better at it Chapter 11 part two October 24th Diffusion and cells Water flows toward the solution with higher concentration of salt Hypertonic solution higher concentration outside of cell Water flows out of the cell Hypotonic solution lower concentration outside of cell Water flows into the cell Identical salt concentrations inside and outside of cell No net flow of water What is osmosis Diffusion of water across a membrane What strategies help an organism float Becoming smaller to increase surface area to volume ratio gas filled chambers oil storage All of the above The following pattern describes the concentration of what in the ocean concentrations are high at the surface then decrease as you go deeper due to respiration reaching a minimum zero after which concentrations increase again Oxygen What is the name of the zone that includes coastal waters Neritic The ocean environmental zone having low temperature no light and great pressure is the zone Abyssal Chapter 12 part one October 24th In the ocean free floating organisms that are autotrophic are called what Phytoplankton Plankton are organisms that float why is a copepod classified as a plankton Because of its small size it can t swim very far or fast What organism is responsible for harmful algal blooms Dinoflagellates What is meroplankton Organisms that only spend part of their life as plankton Which of the following are phytoplankton Diatoms Dinoflagellates A and B Chapter 12 part two October 29th What is the name of the processes that convert dissolved organic matter into biomass that can be consumed by other organisms The microbial loop What is the difference between gross productivity and net productivity Gross productivity is all the organic carbon produced by photosynthesis while net is the amount left over after respiration is subtracted In the dark light bottle experiment one of the following is measured in the dark bottle Respiration What processes does phytoplankton biomass depend on Growth and reproduction death and grazing both A and B When referring to phytoplankton biomass what is top down control Grazing by heterotrophic consumers controls the amount of phytoplankton biomass that can accumulate What is the term used to describe a single sequence of organisms through which energy is transferred Food chain What is the trophic efficiency The percent of energy passed to the next higher trophic level from the trophic level below What is a food web The feeding relationships between all organisms in an ecosystem What is a trophic pyramid At successively higher trophic levels the number of individuals and the total biomass decreases The depth at which the rate of photosynthesis equals the rate of respiration is called what Compensation depth Chapter 13 part one October 31st To which group do the tuna salmon and swordfish belong Nekton What percentage of birds are marine species 3 Schooling behavior is thought to offer fish several advantages Which of the following is NOT an advantage of schooling Some predators can take advantage of the high density of prey they find in a school What is the primary factor that limits life on the deep ocean floor Limited food supply Which of the following reptiles are part of the nekton Marine iguana sea snake gavial green turtle all of the above Chapter 13 part two November 5th Which of the following orders are among the marine mammals Cetacea Sirenia carnivora all of the above Which of the following marine mammals do not use a thick layer of blubber to maintain their body temperature Sea otters Which of the following marine mammals have hollow hairs that provide insulation Polar bears Whales and seals increase their flotation by Storing large quantities of low density fat Whales that use sieve like structures called baleens to filter water belong to what group Mysticetes Why do some whales migrate very long distances To reach good feeding grounds which change seasonally to reach safe calving spots to reach safe mating spots all of the above Which of the following is true about the marine mammal protection act Includes a ban on taking or importing of any marine mammal provides an exemption for native hunting provides an exemption for scientific reasons all of the above Marine mammals use echolocation to detect objects For echolocation to work marine mammals must be able to Generate rapid clicks of short duration detect faint echoes screen out unrelated noises all of the above Which of the following humans abilities to harvest the great whales The explosive harpoon motorized hunting vessels and factory ships A and B only Toothed whales have an organ called the melon what is it and what is it used for It is a sensory organ used for communication and echolocation Chapter 10 Coasts Beaches and Estuaries Key Terms Coast Area where land meets the sea Shore Part of the coast spans from outer limit
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