OCE 1001 Chapter 8 Sections 8 0 8 4 Quiz Questions for Tuesday September 25 1 What are the primary factors that determine wave height Ch 8 Section Wave Terminology Wind speed wind duration fetch distance over which wind blows 2 If you have two deep water waves with periods of 5 and 10 seconds what can you say about their speeds Ch 8 Section 8 3 Figure 8 8 See figure below The longer period wave will have greater speed Deep water wave speed as function of wavelength and period These waves are dispersive the long wavelength waves travel faster 3 Where would it be most likely that you would find internal waves in the ocean Ch 8 Section What Causes Waves Between low and high density water 4 What is the difference between longitudinal waves and transverse waves Ch 8 Section How do waves move Longitudinal waves move side to side and transverse waves move up and down 5 Describe circular orbital motion Ch 8 Section What characteristics do waves possess Water particles move in a circle 6 How can you calculate wave speed Ch 8 Section What characteristics do waves Wavelength L divided by wave period T possess possess 7 What are shallow water waves Ch 8 Section What characteristics do waves When water depth is less than wavelength L 20 wave orbits are squashed into ellipses 8 What are transitional waves Ch 8 Section What characteristics do waves possess They have characteristics of both deep and shallow water waves Celerity depends on both water depth and wavelength 1 20 wavelength LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO depth LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO wavelength 9 Describe how wind generated waves develop Ch 8 Section How do wind generated waves develop Frictional forces between wind and water and transmit energy to water Capillary waves ripples with rounded crests small wavelengths Gravity waves buildup of ripples symmetrical waves with longer wavelengths Trochoidal waveforms H L greater than 1 7 crests pointed troughs rounded 10 What is constructive interference Ch 8 Section How do wind generated waves develop In phase wave trains with about the same wavelengths If your submarine wanted to avoid feeling the wave effect of a 200 ft wave you d have to go down 100 feet L 2 OCE 1001 Chapter 8 Sections 8 5 8 7 Quiz Questions for Thursday October 4 1 Why do tsunami waves always behave as shallow water waves Ch 8 Section Shallow Water Waves Their wavelengths are long enough that anywhere in the ocean the water depth is less than L 20 2 What causes tsunamis Ch 8 Section How Are Tsunami Created Sudden changes in sea floor caused by earthquakes submarine landslides and or volcanic eruptions 3 Why does wave height increase in shallow water Ch 8 Section How do Waves Change in the Surf Zone Wave orbital motion is constricted by the sea bottom 4 What is wave reflection Ch 8 Section How Do Waves Change in the Surf Zone Waves and wave energy is bounced back from barrier reflected wave can interfere with next incoming wave Wave reflection is explained by which of the following The bouncing back of wave energy caused by waves striking a hard barrier 5 What is wave refraction Ch 8 Section How Do Waves Change in the Surf Zone As waves approach shore they bend so wave crests are nearly parallel to shore wave speed is proportional to depth of water shallow water wave different segments of wave crest travel at different speeds 6 How are standing waves formed Ch 8 Section How Do Waves Change in the Surf Zone Two waves with the same wavelength move in opposite directions water particles move vertically and horizontally water sloshes back and forth bath tub see saw 7 How does the tsunami warning system in the Pacific ocean work Ch 8 Section How Are Tsunami Created Pacific Tsunami Warning Center PTWC uses seismic wave recordings to forecast tsunami Deep Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami DART system of buoys detects pulse of tsunami passing 8 What are the 3 types of breakers and how are they generated Ch 8 Section How Do Waves Change in the Surf Zone spilling breaker gentle sloping sea floor wave energy expanded over longer distance water slides down front slope of wave plunging breakers moderately steep sea floor wave energy expended over shorter distance best for board surfers curling wave crest surging breakers steepest sea floor energy spread over short distance best for body surfing waves break on the shore OCE 1001 Chapter 9 Quiz Questions for Tuesday October 9 1 If the moon had an iron core what would happen to lunar tides The tides would become larger because the moon is more massive 2 The lunar tidal bulge has a period of 12 hours and 25 minutes but the solar tidal bulge period is 12 hours Why the difference Ch 9 Section Earth s Rotation and Tides The moon is moving also along with the Earth in its orbit 3 Why are spring tides highest when the Moon is near perigee Ch 9 Section How Do Tides Vary During a Monthly Tidal Cycle The moon is very close to Earth so gravitational force is greater apogee when moon is far away Moon sun and Earth are aligned moon and sun bulges are aligned full moon Perihelion January Sun is closest to Earth aphelion when sun is far away 4 If a point on the coast experiences a semi diurnal tide what does the daily tide record show Ch 9 Section What Types of Tidal Patterns Exist Two nearly equal high tides and two nearly equal low tides each day One high tide and one low tide per day polar regions Semidiurnal two high tides two low tides per day equal strength equator Mixed two high tides two low tides most common 5 In the absence of friction and other complicating factors where would the maximum ideal lunar tide occur Ch 9 Section Tidal Bulges the Moon s Effect At two points directly beneath and opposite the moon 6 Tides would be easy to predict if Earth were a uniform sphere covered with an ocean of uniform depth 1 r3 resultant forces of gravitational and centripetal proportional to Declination angular distance moon and sun throws off tides from equator by 28 5 degrees Lunar tides delayed by 50 minutes everyday OCE 1001 Chapter 9 continued Quiz Questions for Thursday October 9 1 If you are in a boat in an estuary when will tidal currents going out to sea be strongest Ch 9 Section Coastal Tidal Currents Halfway between high tide and low tide 2 If a point on the coast experiences a semi diurnal tide what does the daily tide record show Ch 9 Section What Types of Tidal Patterns Exist Two nearly equal high tides two nearly equal low tides each day 3 The tide is sweeping across the ocean toward land
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