TELE Exam 4 Notes04/09/13Plan of Action until the end of the semester:- April 9th: Lecture by Kavoori on YouTube- April 11th: Lecture by Mark Lashley o Grady Doctoral Student working on YouTube for his thesis- April 16th: Lecture by Kavoori (end) and Exam Review- April 18th: Exam 4- April 23rd: review for people taking one or more to the make up exams- April 25th: Make up exams YouTube PowerPointWhat is YouTube?- A media platform, archive, library, oracleo Visual library - A for of “participatory culture’ (Henry Jenkins)- A form of “Vernacular creativity” (Jean Burgess)- “Networked Individualism” (Haythronwaite & Wellman)- A “Complex parasitical media” (Mitchem)- An example of “Produsage” (Bruns) Why did they choose the word YouTube?- You  views- Tube  televisionParticipatory Culture- Opposed to the High/Low; Formal/Popular culture formulation of the pasto Formal art  galleryo Popular art  bathroom walls- Definition: Participatory culture is about creating, sharing, collective engagement (positive or negative) and community - YouTube is an example of participatory cultureo Started as writing, then transformed into pictures and eventually videos o Participatory  participation o About the act of participating Making a video or writing a comment Collective engagement Vernacular Creativity- Definition: Vernacular Creativity is everyday creative practiceso Not formalo Vernacular  everyday spoken languageo Everyday creativity - In the past: storytelling, family photographing, scrap-booking, journalingo Like doodling in classo Creative and not formal at all - Now: Creating and posting videos on YouTubeProdusage- In the past there was a separation of “producer” and “user”- The concept of “produser” combines those two words to describe how modern consumers are using websites like YouTube- Definition: Produsage is the process of viral creativity in Social Media (YouTube,facebook, ect.)- The means have changedo More people have access to the technologyKavoori’s Model: YouTube is a Network (Media Ecology) - Story: YouTube is a “bard” for the digital age; a “storytelling network” based on participationo Bard  person who sang songs in the past (moving from town to town)- Network: Videos, Responses, Comments- Definition: “YouTube is a network of Stories constituted through participation”- Participation  creating, capturing, posting, critiquing, remixing, embedding, ect.- There is a connection between all of the videos on YouTubeo It’s not like the arc of the usual story model- We watch networkso How do we make sense of a network?- Ecology  the study of any organism in it’s natural environment What is a YouTube story?- An account of the network behaving in a complex of ways around one or more primary texts- This behavior which can be discerned through looking at any video’s Architecture, Use and Impact- YouTube is a network of networksArchitecture of YouTube- Made up of the primary video, the ancillary videos, and the comments - Architecture is made up of three elements: Foundationality, Referentiality, and participatoryo Foundationality: refers to main video’s primary meaning The actual video you are watchingo Referentiality: refers to the parallel texts that run alongside it The videos that run alongside the “main” videoo Participatory refers to the context in which the video is read Comments and response videosYouTube Use- Digital Play: “Playing the medium” rather than watching ito Similar to channel surfing - “Catalog Culture”: Watching YouTube is like flipping through a catalog- “Celebratory creativity” (“fame is the central pathology of our times” – Salman Rushide)o People want to see if their videos will get hitso Idea of becoming famous - “You make time to watch television or film, you watch YouTube when you have little time” o We rarely take specific time to watch YouTube videos YouTube Impact- Digital Mobility/Polysemy (the same video can have multiple meanings across a range of contexts)o There is usually a range of audiences - Participatory Closure (the comments “close” off discussion around a certain video)o It is not open-ended participationo The community polices the meaning of a video - Discursive thread (the primary video, the ancillary videos and the comments are extensions or “threads” around a certain theme or discourse) o Threads connect videos together EX: the Harlem Shake Videos Had a lot of video every day, but it ended after a few weeks Case Study: West Side Story- West Side Story is a “classic” American musical- Set in NYC in the mid-1950s- Rivalry between the Jets and the Sharkso Two teenage street gangs CLIPS that use the song “I Feel Pretty” - CLIP 1: West Side Story 1961 – “I feel pretty” o Story about:  Romeo and Juliet Puertican and Italian families America is a country of immigrantso This story that is apart of the American experience - CLIP 2: Kia to kawan – version of “I feel pretty” o Orchestra && Opera Singers o Composer is almost dancing o This was a new way to sing this song - CLIP 3: Anger Management: Adam Sandler – “I feel pretty”o Genre: Comedyo Common thread around language and expression Same song – different meanings - CLIP 4: Nike Commercial o People jealous of a famous tennis playero The tennis player is pretty and she knows it- CLIP 5: John Edwards (politician) o Clip of a guy getting his hair doneo Consumer generated content- CLIP 6: A girl singing a cover of “I Feel Pretty” o By – Angel Lee o YouTube is not all cats flushing toilets o Class Members Said: Even though she wasn’t physically attractive, she had a very pretty voice She is really brave to put herself out there like that- CLIP 7: Web Site Story o Google mapso “I’m on twitter… I’m on twitter”o “Pandoraaaa… I just found a site called