PSY 101 1st Edition Lecture 18Outline of Last Lecture I. Human Development part 2Outline of Current Lecture II. Human Development part 3a. Critiques of stage theoriesb. Gender Identity i. Definition of Gender Identityii. Definition of Gender Role c. Emerging Adulthood d. Adulthoode. Mental Decline i. Definition of Dementia ii. Definition of Alzheimer’s diseasef. Not all bad!Current Lecture Human Development part 3o Critiques of stage theories Preconventional- 3-7 years old - 1. Avoid punishment - 2. Obtain Rewards Conventional - 8-13 years old - 3. Belong and Be Accepted - 4. Obey Rules and Regulations Postconventional- Adulthood - 5. Make and Keep Promises - 6. Live Moral Imperatives Kohlberg- emphasizes justice to the exclusion of other values- using only male participantsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- frequently demonstrate significant inconsistency in their moral judgments Erikson- Are stages sequential, and only occurring within the age ranges?- Psychoanalytic perspectiveso Gender Identity Gender Identity - One’s sense of being male or female Gender Role - Behavior that is typically associated with being male or female o Emerging Adulthood 18-25 (or 30)? Feeling ‘in-between’ Time of possibilities Identity exploration More responsibility but still relying on family support o Adulthood What constitutes reaching ‘adulthood’? Career Marriage- Effort to achieve satisfying relationships- Marriage benefits: longer life, healthier, higher income, greater happiness- Benefits more significant for men than for women Family- Childreno Anxiety, distress, frustrationo Joys of parenting Financial Stability Physical changes in Adulthood - Steady decline in muscle mass, bone density, eyesight, and hearing- Increased likelihood of weight gain- Menopause- termination of reproductive ability in women- Reduction in testosterone production in meno Mental Decline Reduced grey and white matter (cerebral cortex and hippocampus) Neurodegenerative conditions:- Dementia- a set of symptoms including mild to severe disruption of mental functioning, memory loss, disorientation, poor judgment, and decision making- Alzheimer’s disease- terminal condition resulting in severe damage of the entire braino Not all bad! Increase in crystallized intelligence (wisdom) ‘Use it or lose it’ Better shape you’re in now (physically, cognitively and psychologically) = better shape
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