Hist 1501 1st Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. Seven Years War A. Proclamation of 1763B. Salutary NeglectC. War DebtD. Taxes E. Stamp Act (1765)F. Virginia ResolutionsG. Stamp Act Congress (October 1765)H. Guy Fawkes Day (“Pope’s Day”) MobsI. Andrew Oliver and Thomas HutchinsonOutline of Current Lecture II. Issues Raised by Stamp ActA. Sovereignty and the colonies place in the empireB. Virtual Representation C. Internal vs external taxesIII. Townshend ActsA. Non-importationB. “Boston Massacre”III. Tea ActA. Boston Tea PartyB. Coercive Acts/Intolerable ActsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.C. First Continental CongressCurrent Lecture•Call just barely paid anything in taxes compared to England but we're will-ing to risk it all because of sovereignty•According to Parliament to Kings and parliaments power was accepted by everyone and according to the colonists the colonial assemblies would workwith the parliament for the king•Call•Virtual representation in Parliament which meant Parliament represented allpeople even if they couldn't vote•Proportional representation was in England (outdated) but didn't work for the colonists because the colonies were too far removed even for virtual representations and Parliament couldn't know what they needed, how much they can pay, etc•Precedent said that Parliament did have some control over the colonies but the question was how much-the colonies excepted parliament controlling trade•Internal taxes-what the colonies didn't accept such as the stamp act•External taxes-what the colonies accepted such as trade regulations•Parliament rejects the distinction because if they are part of the em-pire there was no distinction•Colonists wanted to find a middle ground and go back to salutary neglect•Parliament gave them a rude awakening and issues didn't go away•Townshend Acts: Parliament used some of the colonies arguments against them and had studied colonist pamphlets; they were a series of external taxes on imported items (paper, glass, paint, tea) since colonist said they would accept external taxes•There is an immediate resistance: boycotts, petitions, and the Collins had to redefine their arguments on external taxes-it was fine if it affected trade but not if it was only raise solely to raise money•Nonimportation movement: boycott British imports and other British things;merchants for pressured to stop British goods, the movement helped arti-sans and made the colonies start making their own products, gave women a role (making their own clothes); was a good excuse for elites to stop buy-ing so much British stuff-away for them to work their way out of debt but keep their social status•Violent resistance: in Boston the most, issued a circular letter (that they drew up denouncing the Townshend Act) and sent it to the other colonies•And going tells them to take back the letter, that English legislature dis-banded the colonial assembly and resistance breaks out•Customs officials call for help from British soldiers to enforce the Town-shend Act and protect customs officials-they seized John Hancock's mer-chant boat and accused of violating the act to serve as an example and a warning-had an opposite effect and further angered colonists•Authority was breaking down in Massachusetts and it was believed that they were going to turn anarchy so 4000 soldiers were sent for 15,000 peo-ple•This was the first time Boston sent soldiers to keep peace in their own colonies, tensions were high and there're small fights between the soldiers and the people•Tensions exploded on March 5, 1770 when the fight broke out at night be-tween Bostonians and the British soldiers, Bostonians pelted soldiers of snowballs made with ice, and mob comes and the soldiers were cornered, when a soldier was hit with a big chuck of ice he stood up and fired his musket, five colonists were killed and 11 were shot in total•Propaganda was created by Paul Revere of the “British massacre”•Brand-new realized this violence would only make things worse and it seemed to like the Empire was falling apart-call this weren't calling for inde-pendence but we're calling England tyrannical so England realize some-thing needed to be changed•Once the plant unacceptable violence was reached the Townshend Acts or repealed except for the tax on tea to keep the president to tax•Tensions were immediately lowered and life return to normal•Colonies thought more English goods and ever between 1770 and 1774•There's a superficial peace because the core issue of nature of authority still hadn't been resolved•Colonists would smuggle in Dutch tea to avoid the tea tax•By 1772/1773 the British East India Company was struggling financially andon the verge of collapse-they were very important to British economy and couldn't be allowed to fail without a total colapse of economy•led to a bail out in the form of the tea act; East India Company had too much of a surplus of tea and not enough buyers•Previously tea would be shipped to London where it would pay its duties and then shipped other countries paying duties on the way•The Tea Act said you could shift the tea directly to the colonies/countries avoiding duties and lowering prices, giving the British East India Company a monopoly in the colonies and should help American consumers•Call resurrected and resistance because they interpreted it as Parliament imposing more restrictions without their consent•This time it goes directly to violence and there were threats to anyone who would cooperate, Ports are blocked so the British East India Company couldn't unload tea due to the mobs•At night colonists dressed up as American Indians (1773) (to disguise them-selves and the Indian became a symbol of American freedom) and dumped all the tea in the harbor and tarred and feathered the distributor-became known as the Boston tea party•People in Parliament England had been divided and some were sympatheticto the colonists, but all were outraged by the Boston Tea Party and believedit was time to force the colonists into obedience-whole city of Boston was to be punished •Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts): series of Acts to force on Boston until the tea was paid for and gave more power to the governor at the expense of the legislature-closes Boston’s port, reduces local