COMM 415 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture I. Facial ExpressionOutline of Current Lecture II. Infantsa. encodingb. decodingIII. AdultsIV. Cross-CulturalCurrent LectureI. InfantsA. encoding1. facial muscles formed at birth2. distinct expression early in infancy3. social smiling 3-4 weeks, full blown in 3 months4. imitation in 1-2 days5. no genuine emotion until 18 months?6. management of emotional expression 6-10 yearsB. decoding1. adults posed facial expressions to neonates2. neonates’ visual fixation and facial movement was measured3. neonates showed difference visual fixation patterns in response to different facial expressions4. observer could guess which face was being posed by just observing neonates reactions (reflection of expression on neonate face)5. mean age of subjects: 36 hoursII. AdultsA. “phony smiles”1. slightly asymmetrical (stronger on the left)2. may occur at socially inappropriate times 3. do not involve “crinkly-eye” appearanceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.4. excessively long apex durations, short onset times, and irregular offset times B. smile onset duration (how quickly someone starts smiling)1. computer generated images2. smile onset duration 133 vs. 533 milliseconds 3. long duration person judged as more attractive and trustworthy C. positive emotion, personality—>personal resources 1. 1958 college yearbook photo2. coded for positive affect3. follow up measures at age 27, 43, 524. women with more positive facial affect were rated higher on affiliation, competence, and lower in negativity5. observers expected rewarding interaction6. positive emotion—> more likely to be married at 27, less likely to be single into middle adulthood 7. positive emotion—>higher marital satisfaction at age 52 III. Cross-CulturalA. issues1. research with remote cultures has ruled out social learning of facial emotions (e.g. through media)2. congenitally blind and deaf children show same expressions of emotion3. display rules (culture specific conventions of displaying emotion) 4. in social situations, facial expressions of Japanese & American students differ—bit not when they were alone 5. encoding and decoding of primary facial emotions is universal***if there is a universal language it is human facial
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