ARTS 149 1st Edition Lecture 14 Continuation of Greece Classical Period Acropolis ce 450 BCE o Reconstruction occurred under Periceles Athens rich from Delian league Expresses Athens power Tribute to goddess Athena o Means city on a hill o Includes 3 temples Parthenon Erechtheon and Temple of Athena Nike Propylaia library and picture gallery o Parthenon ca 447 438 BCE Acropolis Athens Created by Iktinos and kallikrates Represents order and balance Considered an Octostyle temple because of its 8 column style Doric Temple Seen its slender shafts refined capitals procession frieze 9 4 mathematical proportions used throughout Extremely proportional and exact in all its measurements Temple follows the golden mean A part of pythagoreum geometry Some ionic features are seen on the temple however i e Panathenaic Procession Frieze Optical Illusions Stylobate is raised in center o Done to counter the natural illusion from far away that middle would appear to sag Vertical lines are also inward slightly to counter illusions o Because of this no angles are perfectly right handed Columns at corners are made 2 inches larger than the others because the higher exposure to light would have made them seem smaller Phidias Athena Parthenon ca 438 BCE These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute It has been destroyed but we have a replication model Original was 38 feet tall of marble and gold Appearance o She was fully dressed in armor o Holds a figure of Nike represents victory o Also a serpent is beside er Would have been located within the cella Parthenon restoration Has been constantly restored since 1975 Building was famous for its relief sculptures known as Elgen Marbles Now located in Britain Modern times considered to be stealing from Greece some people disagree and believe they are a part of Britain s culture Lapiths v Centaurs ca 440 BCE Part of Metopes on South Side High Classical Period On other sides there were different theme depictions i e Greeks v Amazons Gods v Giants Sack of Troy Centaur winning o Shows that enemies are dangerous o Shows Greeks were very heroic for winning Carved in high relief Pediment Figures High relief Not necessarily confined to their spaces and they break out o i e Horses Heads Three Goddesses ca 438 432 BCE Located on East Side of Pediment Carved in Marble Hestia Dione and Aphrodite Panathenaic Festival ca 447 438 BCE North side Parthenon Part of the inner ionic frieze near cella Shows Athenians as almost as great as the gods o Thought very highly of themselves Space and depth are depicted naturally Shows figures in action and at rest o Good depiction of movement Propylaia ca 437 432 BCE At the entrance of the Acropolis Created by architect Mnesikles Very steepe entrance so people wanted to stop and rest in the propylaia Has 5 doors at entrance Megaron located to northwest of it Erectheion ca 421 405 BCE Contained shrines to Athena made of wood Erechtheion and Poseidon o Because of this there is very interesting architecture to incorporate all these 3 Ionic temple with an asymmetrical plan All 4 sides are different with different levels Built a lot on uneven terrain Has a lot of detail and decoration seen in o Ionic frieze palmettes water lilies and capitals Porch of Maidens o Caryatids Columns that are sculptures of women o the original caryatids were taken out and put in a museum o Made of marble and are about 7 7 tall Temple of Athena Nike ca 427 424 BCE Created by Kallikrates Ionic 4 columns on both East and West Fa ade it is considered a tetrastyle temple Nike was used repeatedly in the temple Nike Adjusting her Sandal o Located on South Side of Temple o Elegant even though awkward in position o Linear pattern of drapery o Deep carving produces shadowing in the sculpture Adds movement and perspective
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