ARTS 149 1st Edition Lecture 3 Current Lecture Continuation of Stone Age Mesolithic and Neolithic I Mesolithic Era a Dog was domesticated II Neolithic Period a More permanent society was developed b Farming and animal domestication occurred c Some art consisted of potter and weaving III Art During Neolithic Period a Human Figure ca 6 780 6 250 BCE i Figure was created with twigs then covered in plaster ii Figure was decorated with paint and shell creating patterns and details iii 22 figures similar to the figure seen in notes were found 1 Location found buried under houses iv In comparison to Paleolithic sculptures these were much larger 1 Approx 3 f v Purpose Possible used for ceremonial functions IV Neolithic Period City of Jericho a Jericho is known as one of the oldest cities b Today known as Jordan c Site of beginning of monumental architecture d Population was around 2 000 people e Protection from nomads was needed for city and people f Houses i Round oval shaped ii Branches were used for roofs iii Walls were tall and houses were dug into the ground g Art Found in City of Jericho i Sculptured Heads 1 Real skulls recreated with plaster to form more life like heads and painted on hair and eyes 2 Were on display above ground 3 These artifacts show that Neolithic people believed in a spirit or soul surviving death of body V Neolithic Period City of Catal Hoyuk These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a b c d VI Located in today s Turkey First attempts of urban living Sites were large housing many people Women and Men of Catal Hoyuk i It is thought that men and women were equal because heads of both male and female skeletons were found cut of e Houses i Houses had no openings i e windows or doors at ground level 1 Acted as protection and defense system 2 Because no entrances at ground level roofops became streets ii Dead were buried beneath floors 1 Average of 6 burials below each house iii Houses were built close together iv Main rooms 1 Typically cooking and daily activities were performed here v Shrine Rooms 1 More decorated rooms with figurines inside 2 These figurines suggest that their religion had many symbols f Art Found in City of Catal Hoyuk i Deer Hunt ca 5 750 BCE 1 Painting on walls of houses 2 Difers from Paleolithic because people are more realistic a i e knees thicker thighs than calves ii Landscape with Volcanic Eruption ca 6 150 1 Considered to be the first landscape a Because no people or animals are present it is considered a landscape b If people or animals had been present it may have been considered a narrative iii Fertility Goddess ca 6 000 BCE 1 Baked clay sculpture of 8 inches in length 2 Found in shrine rooms of Catal Hoyuk Houses 3 Could be considered early goddess worship because of the two cats that are beside the woman Neolithic Period Stonehenge a Located in Salisbury Plain England b Definitions relating to Stonehenge to know i Megaliths great stones ii Cromlech or henge circle of stones iii Trilithons a three stone construction iv Heel stone stones located outside entrance of Stonehenge v Aubrey Holes holes were stones were placed vi Lentils top rocks of vertical megaliths c Blue stones were transferred from Wales d Heel Stone represents where sun rises during summer solstice e Sarsen Stones i Probably came from Henge in Avery f Purpose i Known to have acted as a solar calendar 1 Helps to predict solar eclipses ii May have been religious site iii May have been astronomical area of study iv May have been ancestral worship site or grave site 1 Some bodies were found buried there and some people brought ashes to spread here v Most likely it was multi functional g Stonehenge most likely unified people of the diferent Isles
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