ARTS 149 1st Edition Lecture 2 Current Lecture Introduction to Stone Age and Prehistoric Art I Stone Age Time Periods a Paleolithic Era ca 38 000 10 000 B C E b Mesolithic Era ca 10 000 8 000 B C E c Neolithic Era East ca 8 000 3 000 B C E Western Europe 4 000 1 500 B C E d Meaning i Paleo Old Meso Middle Neo New ii Lithic Stone II Works of Art ranged from wall art to jewelry III About the People a Nomadic people who followed animals b Mainly food and gatherers c People would create stone weapons and tools to hunt animals and build shelters IV Architecture a Mammoth Bone Houses i Inside center of house was a fire pit used for food and tools ii Inside house there was also a butchering area V Sculpture Art a What is Art i Deliberate and requiring thought and effort ii Waterworn Pebble ca 3 000 000 B C E symbolic thinking was required but considered to NOT be art 1 Because no effort was put into changing the pebble to appear differently iii Decorated Ocher considered to be art iron ore used for pigment 1 Because maker had to add the patterns images and shapes created by humans not nature b Nude Woman aka Venus of Willendoorf 29 000 25 000 BCE i Emphasis on certain body parts specifically sexual body parts 1 i e triangular pubic area enlarged breasts enlarged belly ii Ambiguous facial features iii Enlarged breasts and belly indicate fertility iv May have been a possible form of communication between people similar to a peace offering These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute VI c Woman Holding a Bison Horn 25 000 20 000 BCE i Painted in Limestone carved in low relief ii Also has exaggerated breasts belly and pubic triangle 1 Again no facial features d Woman from Brassempouy 30 000 BCE i An abstract image but it is not non representational ii Carved from ivory iii Referred to as a memory image iv We know that this represents a female because of other statues e Bison with Turned Head 12 000 BCE i Carved in reindeer horn the curved head of the bison is probably pictured this way because of the shape of the horn ii There is much detail in it bison is licking its wounds f Two Bison 13 000 BCE i Clay high relief sculptures done with modeling ii Bison are again depicted in profile Prehistoric Cave Paintings a Locations i Chauvet ii Lascaux iii Altamira iv Pech Merle b Typical appearances i Red and black pigments from ochre were mixed water and blow or brushed on walls of caves c Meanings i Aesthetics ii Sympathetic magic belief that by creating these pictures of desired outcomes would yield the desired outcomes in real life iii Worship iv Representational v Teaching practice hunting throws and formations vi Shamanism belief that some people were able to travel between the spirit world and real world d Chauvet Caves discovered in 1994 i 28 caves ii Discovered by Deschamps Chauvet and Hilaire iii Site of oldest cave paintings iv These paintings are naturalistic with images of 1 Aurochs horses rhinos sabertooths owls and half human halfanimal creatures 2 Typically pictured in profile v Hall of Bears 1 Shading can be seen on head 2 One Bison within the painting has a frontal head and profile body vi Spotted Horses and Hand imprints 1 Handprints are negative images 2 Abstract in nature but meaning is not known e Lascaux Caves Paleolithic i Discovered in 1940 ii 600 images of animals 1 human and signs iii When opened to public grew bacterial green leprosy and began to wear 1 It was eventually closed iv Hall of Bulls 1 Twisted perspective aka heads in profile but horns seen at front 2 Two dimensional animals drawn v Bird headed man with Bison 1 First representation of man 2 Might be first representation of a narrative f Atamira Caves i Originally dismissed as forgeries but then decision was reversed 1 Because of radiocarbon dating ii Bison are floating and no background iii Artist used shape of cave to create the bison
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