ARTS 149 Sutherland Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 2 10 Lecture 2 January 23rd Introduction to the Stone Age and Prehistoric Art What are the three periods of the Stone Age Describe their root meanings Paleolithic Old Stone Mesolithic Middle Stone Neolithic New Stone What were the people of the Paleolithic like in general What were their houses like What kind of art did they make People Nomadic followed animals and acted mainly as food and gatherers Houses Mammoth bone Houses Art ranged from wall art to jewelry to stone weapons tools What is Art Example Definition deliberate and requiring thought and effort Example Decorated Ocher Describe the Human with Feline Head Found in Germany Paleolithic Era Carved in Mammoth Ivory Oldest Zoomorphic Sculpture Describe Nude Woman Found in Austria Paleolithic Era Carved into Limestone Emphasis of fertility and sexual body parts Describe Woman from Brassempouy Found in France Paleolithic Carved into Ivory Describe Bison with Turned Head Found in France Paleolithic Era Carved into Reindeer Horn Describe Two Bison Found in France Paleolithic Era High Relief Clay Sculptures Where are the 4 locations of Cave Paintings from Prehistoric Era Which is the oldest What were the purposes of these paintings Chauvet Oldest Lascaux Altamira Pech Merle Purpose s Aesthetics Sympathetic Magic Worship Teaching Shamanism Describe the Hall of Bears Found in Chauvet Caves Paleolithic Era Shading Describe Hall of Bulls Found in Lascaux Caves Paleolithic Era Twisted Perspective Describe Bird headed man with Bison Found in Lascaux Caves Paleolithic Era First representation of Man Lecture 3 January 26th Mesolithic and Neolithic Eras Describe the Human Figure Found in Jordan Neolithic Twigs covered in Plaster and inlaid with Shell Many of these were found Describe Sculptured Heads Found in Jericho Today s Jordan Neolithic Era Real Human skulls painted and plastered to appear life like Describe Deer Hunt Found in Catal Hoyuk Modern day Turkey Neolithic Era Paintings on walls of houses differs from Paleolithic depiction of man because more realistic Describe Landscape with Volcanic Eruption Found in Catal Hoyuk Neolithic Era Paintings on Walls Considered first Narrative Describe Fertility Goddess Found in Catal Hoyuk Neolithic Era Baked Clay What is Stonehenge What was its Purpose Henge refers to a circle this circle was made of giant stone called megaliths and heel stones Located in Salisbury Plain England Neolithic Era Purpose Solar Calendar Predicts Solar Eclipses Burial Site Ancestral Worship Lecture 4 January 28th Introduction to The Ancient Near East Sumerian and Akkadian Empire Where is Mesopotamia Located What was it like Land between two rivers Tigress and Euphrates R Located Modern day Saudi Arabia Climate difficult with a lot of flooding but allowed for many agricultural resources What were the inventions of Sumerian Empire the First Empire of Mesopotamia Inventions Calendars Constellations Zodiac wheel Mathematics Cuneiform Ziggurats Describe White Temple and Ziggurat Found in Iraq Sumerian Empire Made of mud brick and white washed walls Describe Presentation of Offerings to Inanna Found in Iraq Sumerian Empire Alabaster Vase Incorporated Registers and Hierachy of Scale Example of Narrative Art Describe Statuettes of Worshippers from Square Temple Found in Iraq Sumerian Empire Made of gypsum and inlaid with black limestone represent mortal worshippers and act as a substitute Describe Standard of Ur Found in Iraq Sumerian Empire Two sided wooden part of tomb One side represents War and the other represents Peace Describe Bull headed Lyre Found in Ur Iraq Sumerian Empire made of wood and gold and lapis lazuli Describe Soundbox of Lyre from Tomb Found in Ur Iraq Sumerian Empire Shows Heraldic Pose and Composite Figures Describe Cylindrical Seals Found in Ur Iraz Sumerian Empire used as signs of status and acted as a signature Describe Epic of Gilgamesh Clay tablet carved in relief Akkadian Empire Tells story of Gilgamesh Lecture 5 January 30th Continuation of Ancient Near East Akkadian Neo Sumerians Babylonian Hittites Asyrian Empire Describe Akkadian Ruler Found in Nineveh Iraq Akkadian Empire carved in Copper symbolic meaning behind inlaid ears eyes and damage to face Describe Victory Stele of Naram Sin Found in Susa Iran Akkadian Empire Carved into Pink Sandstone Narrative Art and Hierarchy Scale Describe Seated Statue of Gudea Holding Temple Plan Found in Girsu Iraq Neo Sumerian Empire Carved into Diorite Describe Ziggurat of Ur Found in Ur Iraq Neo Sumerian Empire Made of Mud bricks created from King Urmammu and temple is placed on 3 steps Describe Stele with The Code of Hammurabi Found in Iran Babylonian Empire carved into diorite shows Hammurabi in prayer before sun god and cuneiform description of legal laws sent from sun god Describe the Lion Gate Found in Turkey Hittite Empire carved high relief in limestone composite figures carved Describe Lamassus Guardians of Citadel Gate during Sargon II Found in Iraq Assyrian Empire during Sargon II rule Carved into limestone Composite figures that guarded the entrance where people would go through to meet the king Lecture 6 February 2nd Continuation of Ancient Near East Neo Babylonian and Persian Empire Introduction of Egyptian Art Describe Gate of Ishtar What is the modern Ishtar Gate Who excavated Ishtar s Gate Description Located in Babylon Iraq Neo Babylonian Period under Nebuchadnezzar II rule made of brick and glazed with blue glass decorated with lions dragons bulls stylized rosettes Modern Ishtar Gate was built by Saddam Hussein who tried to reconstruct Nebuchadnezzar s empire on top of ruins Excavation performed by Germans and was removed and reconstructed in Berlin Museum What was the Persian Empire known for 3 Making Arabic Official Language Freeing Israelites from Babylonian Captivity Fighting Greeks during Greco Persian War Describe Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute Found in Persepolis Iran Persian Empire Relief sculpture carved in limestone and painted brightly What was the Rosetta Stone Who created it Why is it important Created during Ptolemy s reign and told story with both Greek language and hieroglyphics Allowed us to decipher hieroglyphics a language that had been lost since 4 BCE What were the beliefs about afterlife religion and rulers of Egypt Afterlife Ka is the life force that continues after death and needs everything that was needed in the first life Religion believed in pantheism