ADSC 2010 Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I Value Determinants II Vitamins A Categories B Requirements C Functions III Minerals A Categories B Functions Outline of Current Lecture I Categories of Feedstuffs A Concentrates a Cereal Grains b Oilseeds c By Products B Roughages a Legumes b Grasses c Forms of Roughages 1 Pasture 2 Hay 3 Silage Haylage II Proximate Analysis of Feedstuff A Six Components B Feed Chart III Digestibility of Feedstuff A Examples Current Lecture I Categories of Feedstuffs A Concentrates High in energy low in fiber a Cereal Grains Seeds Corn oats wheats etc Excellent source of energy Moderate low in protein Poor source of calcium and vitamin a Moderate source of phosphorous b Oilseeds Crops and Meal Soybeans oil soybean meal Cottonseed whole Linseed Outstanding source of protein Good source of energy and phosphorous Love in calcium and vitamin A c By Products Dried beet citrus pulp sugar beets Molasses Dried bakers waste Whey products Animal fat Chicken litter extreme case B Roughages Low in energy high in fiber HAY a Legumes nitrogen filling Clovers alfalfa High in protein Low in energy Good source of calcium and vitamin A Moderate source of phosphorous b Grasses Bermudagrass bahiagrass fescue Low in energy Moderate low source in protein Good source of calcium and vitamin A Moderate low in phosphorous c Forms of Roughages 1 Pasture feed harvested by animal 2 Hay roughage is cut air dried baled and stored 3 Silage Haylage Baylege roughage is cut and store wet to cause fermentation II Anaerobic environment breaks down sugar to produce acids Fermentation low pH preservation of roughage Proximate Analysis of Feedstuff separation of feed components into groups based on feeding value A Six Components 1 Moisture Water 2 Crude Proteins 3 Crude Fat 4 Crude Fiber 5 Nitrogen Free extract 6 Ash DM dry matter wt as fed wt x 100 B Feed Chart Feed 100 Moisture 12 60C 100C Dry Matter 88 Ash 5 minerals 600C Organic Matter 83 Crude Proteins 13 N2 analyzer Non N Proteins 70 fats CHOs vitamins Crude Fat 4 fat soluble vitamins Apolar extraction CHOs 66 Crude Fiber 10 lignin cellulose heme cellulose Acid Base Extract Digestion N Free Extract 56 Starch monosavvharides water soluble vitamins III Digestibility of Feedstuff Amount of nutrient absorbed in digestive tract Difference in nutrient content between intake and excretion Nutrient in feed nutrient in feces nutrient in feed x 100 A Examples 100g of feed has 4 g of fat 4 100g of feces has 1 2g of fat 1 2 Fat digestibility 4 1 2 4 x 100 70
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