ADSC 2010 Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I Global Food Supply A Cereal Grains B Animal Products II Importance of Animal Protein in Human Diets A Biological value B Essential Amino Acids C B Vitamins III Available Food Supplies A Developed Countries B Developing Countries IV Animal Product Consumption A Developing Countries B Developed Countries V Facts Agriculture in Developed vs Developing Countries A Developing Countries B Percent of Disposable Income Spent on Food VI Reasons for Inadequate Food Supplies VII 2013 U S Beef Cow Inventory VIII 2013 U S Cattle on Feed Inventory IX 2013 U S Dairy Cow Inventory X 2013 U S Hogs and Pigs Inventory Outline of Current Lecture I Swine Production II 2013 U S Breeding Sheep A Range Flock Production B Farm Flock Production C 1940s III 2013 U S Broiler Inventory A Vertically Integrated Industry B Lean meat C What helped develop the poultry industry IV 2008 U S Horse Inventory V Breeds of Livestock 1 Beef Cattle Breeds a Bos Taurus British Exotic Continental b Bos Indicus Zebu American Breeds c SimAngos A Angus Breed a Originated in Scotland b Strengths c Weaknesses B Hereford a Originated in England b Strengths c Weaknesses C Shorthorn a Originated in England b Strengths c Weaknesses Current Lecture I Swine Production Mainly in the corn belt Smithfield foods in N C is very important to swine production there Smithfield headquarters is located in V A 36 37k pigs slaughtered in a day GA 26th declining since the 1990s because we don t have many packing plants and we don t have much corn II 2013 U S Breeding Sheep US 4 million 1 Texas 6 million 2 California 3 Utah 4 Wyoming 5 South Dakota 6 Montana 7 Colorado 8 Idaho 9 Oregon 10 Iowa A Range Flock Production Western production Mostly Ewes wool Mostly Lamb meat B Farm Flock Production East of MI River Smaller than range flock production 20 30 Ewe Ram Range Only used for meat C 1940s 56 Million sheep in U S III WWII erased sheep consumers soldiers tired of mutton 2013 U S Broiler Inventory US 8 6 billion 1 Georgia 1 5 billion 2 Arkansas 1 billion 3 Alabama 1 billion 4 North Carolina 5 Michigan Young industry began in 1950s BROILER BELT A Vertically Integrated Industry They are all owned by ONE company That company owns everything to do with this industry except the chickens themselves B Lean meat It is not fatty like cattle meat C What helped develop the poultry industry IV Less time for chickens to develop 6 8 weeks Built consumer demand 2008 U S Horse Inventory US 9 2 million 1 Texas 2 California 3 Florida 4 Oklahoma 5 Kentucky Horses are still used for work horse racing makes them so spread out betting races and Horses move a lot from Ocala FL to Lexington KY V Breeds of Livestock 11 Beef Cattle Breeds a Bos Taurus British Angus Hereford Shorthorn Exotic Continental Simmental Charolaise Limousin Gelbvieh Maine Anjou b Bos Indicus Zebu Brahman US industry Nellore Glv Indu Brazil American Breeds Crosses between brahmen Bos Taurus Breed Beef master Brahmen Hereford Shorthorn Brangus 3 8 Brahmen 5 8 angus Bradford 3 8 Brahmen 5 8 Hereford Simbrah 3 8 Brahmen 5 8 Simmental c SimAngos Simmental Angus Limflex Limousin Angus Balancer Gelbvieh Angus A Angus Breed 1 in US Black Angus 6 in US Red Angus a Originated in Scotland b Strengths Black and red Polled No horns Moderate mature size Maternal traits Fertility and calving ease Meat quality marbling fat inside of muscle juiciness tenderness and flavor c Weaknesses Mature size and growth small Heat tolerance Carcass cutability how much product you get fat muscle B Hereford 2 US a Originated in England Red body with white face Horned and polled Moderate mature size Hardy range and cold Productivity in range conditions Good temperament b Strengths c Weaknesses Low milk production Mature size and growth Sunburn on face susceptible to eye cancers Angus hereford black belay C Shorthorn a Originated in England Red White roan Horned and polled Moderate to large size Long hair Milk production Mothering ability Good temperament Carcass quality Used for work b Strengths c Weaknesses Lack of muscling Heat tolerance Carcass cutability
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